FT : German business urges help for crisis-hit building industry

German business urges help for crisis-hit building industry
Rising rates, skills shortages and inflation have pushed developers into insolvency

Business groups and economists have called on the German government to intervene to help the crisis-hit construction industry, as a wave of insolvencies claims a growing number of high-profile property developers.

Builders are facing a perfect storm of rising interest rates, more expensive construction materials, a dire shortage of skilled workers and slowing demand for new developments that has led to financing problems across the industry. 

“We are at the end of a 10-15 year property boom,” said Moritz Schularick, head of the Kiel Institute for the World Economy in Germany. “The financial cycle is now such that every day another property developer is going bust . . . The old funding models are no longer sustainable.”

A number of developers have filed for insolvency in the past few weeks, among them three Düsseldorf-based firms Gerch, Centrum Group and Development Partner, as well as Euroboden of Munich and Project Immobilien Gruppe of Nuremberg.

Meanwhile, big landlords such as Vonovia and Aroundtown have announced big writedowns of their property portfolios.

“With interest rates rising so quickly, a lot of projects are just not profitable any more,” said Clemens Fuest, head of the Ifo institute in Munich, a think-tank. “Demand in residential housing has just collapsed.”

Some experts think the situation could deteriorate. “With developers that bet on rising prices I expect to see an increasing number of insolvencies in the market,” said Dirk Salewski, head of BFW, the German association of independent real estate and housing companies. “The most highly-indebted are the most vulnerable.”

The crisis in the housing sector is a problem for Olaf Scholz, chancellor, who came to office vowing to build 400,000 flats a year. Just 295,300 dwellings were built last year and industry executives expect the numbers for this year and next to be even lower.

Ministers have adopted measures to help the sector. At its two-day retreat in Meseberg palace last week, Scholz’s cabinet passed a €7bn package of corporate tax relief that included new rules on the depreciation of investment costs for builders. Building minister Klara Geywitz said they should help “really rev up” housing construction in Germany.

But Salewski of BFW called the rule change a “drop in the ocean”.

“It doesn’t solve the main problem, which is a lack of liquidity,” said Tim-Oliver Müller, head of HDB, the central federation of the German construction industry.

Müller called for more low-interest loans for homebuyers, a relaxation of tough energy-efficiency standards in new buildings and investment allowances for publicly-owned housing associations to help them complete stalled construction projects. He said he hoped Scholz would adopt some of these suggestions at a planned construction summit in the chancellery later this month.

Construction, which accounts for 12 per cent of Germany’s gross domestic product and employs nearly 1mn people, is seen as a key pillar of the German economy. But it is stuck in a deep recession.

Only 135,200 flats were permitted in the first six months of this year, 27 per cent or 50,600 fewer than in the same period last year. According to Ifo, in July 40.3 per cent of construction companies complained about a shortage of orders. Some 18.9 per cent said projects had been cancelled and 10.5 per cent said they had experienced financial difficulties.

Schularick called on the government to intervene in the sector, saying it should usher in a big housing construction programme which would have the added advantage of stimulating Germany’s weak economy.

“Private developers are not going to be building any housing in the next couple of years, so the state, the municipalities, the public sector should be going in there and financing construction,” he said, adding that Germany’s many publicly-owned housing associations could be used to drive the programme.

“We urgently need new flats, not just as a short-term fiscal stimulus but as a long-to-medium term growth programme,” he said.

FT : China’s manufacturing activity shrinks in August

China’s manufacturing activity shrinks in August
Data adds pressure on policymakers to take action to restore growth in world’s second-biggest economy

Activity in China’s manufacturing sector contracted for a fifth straight month in August, according to an official survey, adding pressure on policymakers in the world’s second-largest economy to take action to shore up growth.

The country’s manufacturing purchasing managers’ index was 49.7 for the month. A reading of below 50 indicates contraction compared with the previous month. The non-manufacturing PMI, which covers services and industries such as agriculture and construction, was 51.

A series of disappointing data has fuelled concerns about China’s economy, where a widely anticipated rebound following the lifting of Covid-19 restrictions at the start of 2023 has failed to fully materialise.

China’s property sector, which typically accounts for more than a quarter of the overall economy, has slowed markedly because of a two-year liquidity crisis, while weaker global consumption has weighed on the country’s previously booming export sector. Consumer prices in July fell year on year for the first time since early 2021.

Although Thursday’s manufacturing data remained shy of expansionary territory, it was slightly higher than last month’s reading of 49.3 and exceeded forecasts across analysts polled by Reuters. The non-manufacturing data, by contrast, disappointed expectations.

Sheana Yue, China economist at Capital Economics, suggested the data showed “a slight improvement in economic activity in August” but noted that “overall economic momentum remains weak and more policy support is needed to avoid a renewed slowdown later this year”.

Beijing has set its lowest economic growth target in decades, at 5 per cent for the full year, and taken cautious steps to support the economy. Policymakers have sought to boost consumption, which remains weak, but stopped short of any major stimulus. Authorities last week unexpectedly held a core five-year lending rate amid concerns that deeper cuts would put pressure on the banking system.


This week the cities of Guangzhou and Shenzhen eased mortgage conditions for first-time buyers, a move that could help a property sector that has been hit by dozens of defaults, construction delays and falling transactions.

Country Garden, China’s biggest private developer, missed bond payments this month and on Wednesday disclosed losses of $7bn in the first half of the year. Missed payments at Zhongrong, a major Chinese investment company, have sparked fears that the crisis in real estate might spill over into the country’s savings products.

Goldman Sachs analysts noted that within the non-manufacturing survey, services areas such as transport, accommodations, catering, sports and entertainment were above 55, which they said “suggests that activity in other services industries such as property may have deteriorated further in August”.

Chinese stocks fell on Thursday following the latest PMI readings, with the CSI 300 index down 0.6 per cent and a real estate sub-index sliding more than 4 per cent.

AD Magazine : L'hôtel particulier de Valéry Giscard d'Estaing vendu 19 millions

L'hôtel particulier de Valéry Giscard d'Estaing vendu 19 millions d'euros à un Français
Occupé par Valéry Giscard d’Estaing pendant 64 ans, cet hôtel particulier du XVIe arrondissement parisien a trouvé preneur auprès d’un entrepreneur français. Une transaction datée de septembre 2022, récemment rendue publique.

L’hôtel particulier rue Bénouville
Président de la République entre 1974 et 1981, Valéry Giscard d’Estaing nous quittait le 2 décembre 2020 chez lui, dans l’ouest parisien. Nous sommes rue Bénouville, entre les rues de la Faisanderie et Spontini, à quelques pas de la porte Dauphine. La façade de l’hôtel particulier est somme tout classique avec sa pierre de taille et son portail en fer forgé, que VGE franchit pendant 64 ans. Selon la plaque commémorative, l’ancien président de la République s’y installe en 1956, en tant que locataire, avant d’en faire l’acquisition en plusieurs temps. La transaction se serait faite entre 1964 et 1984 selon les dires du Figaro. Magistrale, la propriété se déploierait sur 600 m² dont 400 m² de jardin. À l’époque, Valéry Giscard d’Estaing aurait dépensé 6,5 millions de francs pour l’acheter, soit 2 millions d’euros en 2022. Une belle plus-value lorsqu’on sait qu’il a été cédé pour 19 millions d’euros à un entrepreneur français révèle le magazine Challenges.

En décembre 2022, Anne-Aymone Giscard d’Estaing confie à La Gazette Drouot se sentir seule dans cet hôtel particulier, devenu trop vaste pour elle : « après le décès de mon mari, l’hôtel particulier où nous habitions, rue Bénouville, dans le XVIe arrondissement de Paris, était devenu trop grand pour que j’y vive seule. » Avant sa vente, le mobilier de l’hôtel particulier est vendu aux enchères par la maison Beaussant Lefèvre & Associés. Au catalogue, 181 lots provenant de la demeure parisienne dont une sculpture en bronze d’Auguste Rodin et un bureau de Pierre Garnier, époque Louis XVI.

Le château de Varvasse
Outre l’hôtel particulier de la rue Bénouville, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing était propriétaire du château de Varvasse, dans le Puy-de-Dôme, dont le mobilier est dispersé aux enchères en 2012 par Claude Aguttes. La vente de ces pièces atteint des records : 65 000 euros contre les 400 000 initialement attendus. Visite, en images ci-dessous, de ce château qui aurait accueilli, lui aussi, un nouveau propriétaire en 2020.

Haaretz : In Italy's Alpine Foothills, Israelis Are Starting an Expat Community.

In Italy's Alpine Foothills, Israelis Are Starting an Expat Community. Similar Initiatives Aren't Far Behind
In the wake of the judicial coup, Israeli discussions about relocating abroad no longer stop at social media groups. In a lush valley in northwestern Italy, ideas of collective emigration are being played out on the ground – and similar initiatives are taking shape elsewhere as well

“As the number of hours of light in their country’s democracy keeps diminishing, more and more Israelis are arriving in the mountainous valley in their search for a new start. Among them are young people with babies in carriers, others with children of school age, and there are the graying-balding people like me. A teacher, a tech entrepreneur, a psychologist, a dog groomer, a basketball coach. Some say they’re only exploring, still ashamed to admit that they are seriously considering the option. Others look purposeful and motivated – looking into how to get a residency permit, how much a house costs, how to open a bank account and transfer your provident funds while it’s still possible. Underlying all this is a layer of pain, the pain of good Israelis who believed that after 2,000 years they could rest on their laurels, but were now taking up the wanderer’s staff once again.”

The writer is Lavi Segal, the mountainous area he is describing is in the Sesia Valley (Valsesia), in the Piedmont region of northwest Italy, at the foot of the Alps. Segal, the owner of a tourism business from the Galilee, shares his experiences with members of a Facebook group called Baita, which offers information to Israelis seeking to immigrate to and create their own community in Valsesia, many of whose original inhabitants have left in recent decades. The group’s name is an amalgam of Bait (Hebrew for “home,” or “house”) and Ita – short for Italy. Baita in Italian also translates as “hut in the mountains.” And these are not just any mountains: Valsesia is known as “the greenest valley in Italy.” Segal says what he’s presenting is a case of truthful advertising.

“With all due respect for the talk about ‘the beautiful Land of Israel,’” he tells Haaretz in a phone interview, “Israel is perhaps beautiful compared to Syria or Saudi Arabia [but] Europe and the Alps are a different world. The landscape is breathtaking, the weather is marvelous, and all the well-known troubles of Israel – wars, dirtiness, overcrowding, cost of living – simply don’t exist here.”

Segal has lived in Valsesia with his wife, Nirit, for two months; both are in their 60s. “We’re on a journey of familiarization and exploring,” he explains. “We’ve rented a house here, and every so often we talk to real estate agents about the possibility of buying one. At the moment we’re not talking about permanent uprooting, though that could happen if life in Israel becomes intolerable. For the time being we’re looking for a place where we can divide our time between Israel and overseas. Israel is very dear to us: When we’re there we’re active in demonstrations” against the government’s plans for a judicial overhaul.

Nirit, who organizes art retreats, is of two minds: “This place is a dream when it comes to creating art, but I’m very attached to Israel, and like many people in my circles I feel it today especially. I’m apprehensive about the implications of the wave of migration for the protest movement.”

For the time being, she’s decided not to decide, she admits. “I want to hold the stick at both ends. To take part in the protest, but also to stay here for long periods. To move between the two. We have been received here cordially. Despite the language difficulties, we’ve developed some pleasant and natural ties with people. It’s odd, but I’m getting attached.”

Lavi attributes less importance to the political upheaval back home when relating to the decision to investigate other options. “I didn’t need to witness current events in order to grasp that Israel is heading in directions that aren’t good,” he says.

The path of the Segals, who have three grown children, to settle in the valley is being paved thanks mainly to Lavi’s Lithuanian passport. “With it, we can stay indefinitely within the boundaries of the European Union, and the children can study and work. Who would have thought that after everything that happened to our people and to my family on Lithuanian soil, that a Lithuanian passport, of all things, would make this freedom of movement possible for us?”

In the meantime, they’re living in a quiet town that’s 650 meters above sea level.

Is the air thin?

Lavi: “No, it’s simply clean.”

And it’s not boring?

“I’ve had enough of doing in life, now I’m at a stage of being. I go down to the river and swim in the icy water, we take hikes. And I can also sit on a bench opposite the mountains, listen to the church bells, and as far as I’m concerned that makes my day.”


In contrast to the Segal family, with one foot in each location, the Golans have already struck roots in Valsesia. Maayan Golan, an occupational therapist, and her husband, Ram, an agricultural entrepreneur, who are in their 50s, were the first Israelis to purchase a home there, about half an hour from the main town, thanks to information and support via Baita.

The idea started to gel for them a year ago. “We went on a long trip through Europe by car and suddenly we discovered how much fun it is to move around the continent freely, without limitations,” Maayan says. “We decided that this is how we want to live.”

Why did you choose specifically to settle in Valsesia?

“It’s a combination of a strong attraction to the landscapes and the relatively cheap costs, or very cheap compared to Israel. In Israel we had no option of buying a house like the one we have here.”

Is that a good enough reason to emigrate?

“There are many reasons, but the main one is really economic. We were renting in Israel and that’s also very expensive.”

Did the political situation in Israel also play a part?

“You know, a year ago we left a functioning country. But yes, from our point of view, what’s happening now only strengthens the feeling that we made the right move. Let me put it this way: When we began to travel, we didn’t imagine that we were going to leave Israel. We’re a deeply rooted family for whom the saying ‘I have no other country’ is definitely not a cliché. But when we got to Europe, we saw that there are more possibilities.”

Of all the possibilities, you precisely chose a country whose prime minister, Giorgia Meloni, is from a party that has fascist roots, who is hostile to the liberal public.

It’s a breaking point for us. We’re both patriots, and there’s been quite a bit of crying lately, but we understand that Israel is no longer a safe place to live, that the country has changed.

Oded
“This may sound dumb, but it’s not ours: In Israel we are drawn in by what happens. Here, if something doesn’t appeal to us, we can leave without sentiments. In Italy ‘the despair becomes more comfortable’” – as playwright Hanoch Levin once said.

The couple own a farm in Moshav Ein Yahav, in the Arava desert, which they have rented out to help finance their stay in Italy. The longing for their four children are the only thing that is weighing down on their adventure. Still, two are on a post-army trip, one is a university student, and the youngest is doing a year of volunteer service. Next month his parents will go back to Israel to be with him when he begins his army service, after which they plan to return to Italy.

There are quite a few communities of Israelis around the world – in Berlin, in Portugal. Why not join one of the existing ones?

“We didn’t want to do that. We’ve lived in communal settings most our life: in a moshav or a village. We’ve had enough. One of the fine things about Baita is that there is no such commitment. You buy a home in the valley, and now it’s up to you how involved you will be. We won’t want to be isolated, with only Italians around us. It’ll be nice to spend time and to travel with Israeli friends from there, but we don’t necessarily feel a need to connect ourselves with community life.”

* * *

Two other Israeli families have already bought homes in Valsesia, and another 10 or so are at various stages of organizing their move there. But these are only the pioneers: About 800 people have signed up as members of the Progetto Baita nonprofit organization, which runs the Baita Facebook page, and two of its delegations have already toured the area. A third delegation of 35 people will be going there in the coming weeks, and due to demand, a fourth group will travel there in October. A July gathering organized by the nonprofit in Israel drew about 100 people.

The driving spirit behind the initiative is 61-year-old Ugo Luzzati, an Israeli who was born and spent his youth in Italy, who plans to settle in the valley next year. It all started in 2019, he says, when he bought a house in Valsesia for vacation getaways at the encouragement of his (now former) wife. From conversations with local residents, he discovered that the region, whose population has been depleted, is crying out for new blood. Last October, Luzzati posted a call on Facebook for people to join him, and in short order found himself investigating the intricacies of life in Valsesia, checking out employment possibilities for foreigners there and providing information on Italy’s immigration policies. He soon collected an initial group of interested people.

“At the time I wasn’t thinking of a venture for people affected by the [government’s judicial] coup, which in fact hadn’t begun yet then, at least not officially,” says Luzzati. “I wanted to propose an alternative to Israelis who were fed up with the overcrowding and wanted to be close to nature. In the meantime, it turned out that I had taken on a mission of helping to bring good Israelis to a different place, because I see that in Israel things are getting ruined.”

At first Luzzati became involved in the initiative as a volunteer. But when he found that he was spending most of his time assisting Israelis considering a move to the area, he made an arrangement with a local Italian realtor, by which he receives a commission for every deal signed. That arrangement allows him, he says, to oversee all aspects of his project. To his credit, it can be said that he is indeed devoted to his mission, and not only to its real estate aspects.

In one of his capacities, Luzzati serves as a miniature employment agency. Israelis interested in settling in this corner of the Piedmont region send him their résumé and he channels them to potential workplaces. He also publicizes information about residency visas and even organizes courses in Italian. To formalize all his activity, he created the Progetto Baita nonprofit.

His project is also open to Israelis who don’t have a European passport: Some sought meetings with Luzzati, prompting him to investigate, for example, how they can receive residency status in Italy (apparently, by possessing a digital nomad visa, having a contract with an Italian employer or investing in local real estate while showing proof of an ongoing, stable source of income).

Luzzati is meanwhile arranging for the next Progetto Baita delegation to meet with a representative of the Questura (the local police office), which deals with residency permits. During earlier visits he began to cultivate ties with local municipal and regional officials. The dialogue with them led to a written agreement with the valley’s municipal union, placing the project under its patronage and declaring that the union “accepts the members of the Baita Society with open arms and hopes to integrate them soon among the region’s residents.”

Indeed, the valley is in need of a shot in the arm. Settlement in Valsesia peaked in the early 20th century, when the population stood at 22,000. However, today there are fewer than 10,000 inhabitants; the population is ageing, and according to estimates there are about 1,000 houses that were abandoned as people moved out of rural areas in favor of urban life.

Luzzati explains that for the local population, revivifying the area is a genuine, existential need and is not driven solely by longings for its splendid past: “Suddenly a store in one of the villages shuts down because there is no reasonable justification for maintaining it, and the remaining residents can no longer buy bread. An electrician retires, so now go find another technician.”

* * *

Luzzati was born and raised in Genoa, and immigrated to Israel at the age of 23. He earned a living as a painter, a silversmith and sign designer. He and his family – he has five children – settled in the Galilee and although he felt he had integrated successfully in Israel, he always felt torn.

“From the moment I was able to read the news in Hebrew, I asked myself how long I would be able to remain in a country that was sliding into nationalist directions, intensifying the occupation and trampling the rights of the weakest and most downtrodden,” he explains, admitting that the idea of leaving “was always there, but I was busy making a living, raising kids, creating a home. All my energy went into that. We brought up our children on Zionist ideals, because all in all we believed in the state. We all volunteered for a year of community service [through a national volunteer program for high school graduates] and served in the Israel Defense Forces.”

Luzzati cites early November 2022, when the results of the election came out, as a seminal moment in the history of Baita: “On that day I received a torrent of inquiries from people who wanted to get out of the country.” At the same time, he is not comfortable with the idea that his venture will be associated with creation of a city of refuge for ostensible political exiles, and he stresses that his opinions about the current situation in Israel are solely his own.

“I grew up with the legends of the Jewish Brigade [in World War II], amazement at the achievements of the kibbutzim, the miracle that is known as the establishment of the State of Israel and its values of solidarity. All that is vanishing.”

Italy’s future also looks gloomier than ever. You are organizing immigration to a country that is ruled by a woman from the extreme right who is pursuing clearly antiliberal policies.

“To begin with, there is not just one Italy; there are a number of Italys. Every geographical region has its own cultural attributes. Valsesia is characterized by a very sympathetic attitude toward strangers. Over the years, small groups from Africa – Morocco, for example – have settled there, and recently also refugees from Ukraine. The locals set up non-profits for them, and schools that teach Italian. But the main thing is that in Italy there are innumerable checks and balances: two houses of parliament, a supreme court and a president, each of whom has the power to overturn laws. In addition, Italy has a strong constitution, and together with the European community is a signatory to conventions that protects the rights of minorities.”

Yes, but Meloni is already spearheading a contrarian approach vis-à-vis the European Union.

“The Italians are a nation that likes to talk, comedy is a way of life for them. But to leave Europe? For what? No one there is that much of an idiot. Italy sees how the economy fell apart in countries like Hungary and Poland, which deviated from the EU’s values. The Italian public will never buy into the exaggerated nationalist sentiments of a politician.”

You’re talking about constitutional mechanisms and culture, but Italy’s reality is already changing. Under the new administration, for example, registration of lesbian women as mothers is being stopped. Doesn’t Meloni worry you?

“I consider her a passing phenomenon. The democratic mechanisms [in the country] are not something abstract, but constitute a barrier to the extreme right to make good on the slogans it’s selling to the public. Italy is a country that sanctifies bureaucracy. The Italian character is to dress well, eat well and make life easy. No one really wants to put that at risk.”

At the recent Progetto Baita gathering in Israel, most of the participants were couples in the 40- to 60-year-old age range. The younger ones took an interest in education-related subjects (academic level of the schools, size of the classes, busing), whereas the older ones took an interest in local health care services. “At this rate, we’ll meet all the doctors in Israel there,” one person quipped, referring to reports about a wave of physicians weighing the possibility of relocating abroad. The audience reacted with wry laughter.

But the strongest reaction erupted after the participants heard that the Italy initiative would soon be publicized in the form of an article in Haaretz’s Hebrew edition (which appeared in the weekly magazine on August 25). The participants objected to this on various grounds, including due to the concern that after reading it, treasury or banking officials would set tighter restrictions on transferring money out of Israel.

Luzzati himself, however, has a different explanation for potential emigrants’ fear that they will be exposed: “Israeli culture subjects us to emotional and mental abuse. In no other country in the world, when people are looking for a better future elsewhere, are they made to feel they are doing something wrong. People are afraid, they don’t want to be exposed, so that their friends will not discover that they are considering yerida [emigration; literally “descending,” in Hebrew] from the country.”

In fact, even among the four families who have already taken the step and moved to Valsesia, there are some who do not want their real names mentioned. Among them are “Hagit” and “Dan,” aged 50 and 60, respectively, who moved to the valley in August with their son, who is entering 10th grade. They settled in Varallo, a town which, with its 6,500 residents, is the most densely populated locale in the area. For a spacious home on what they say is a large plot of land, they paid 57,000 euros, and added 10,000 euros for renovations. The money they get from renting out their home in Israel will tide them over comfortably, they say, until they acclimatize themselves in Italy in terms of employment.

“The surroundings here are a dream that words can’t describe,” Hagit says. “It’s simply paradise. Besides endless spaces, everything in Varallo is accessible and nearby. There are supermarkets, stores, a community center, schools, even a movie theater.”

Hagit describes the present dream, but Dan, who joins the conversation, harps on a dream that was shattered.

“We would not have left Israel were it not for the realization that it’s done for,” he says. “It hit me during Operation Protective Edge [in the Gaza Strip], in 2014. The disgust at the massacre that was perpetrated there, the fact that the whole political arena kowtowed to [Prime Minister Benjamin] Netanyahu, and to top it off, the dozens of soldiers who were killed there. I was always active in promoting peace initiatives, but that operation was the point at which I realized that there was no chance. The thing is that at the time our older children were still young – 13 and 14. Now they’re already post-army. All our hopes and dreams for them always sprang from a deep connection to this land. Today I feel that this is my last chance to infect them with another dream.”

In that sense, has the government’s judicial upheaval made it easier for you to take the step?

“On the contrary. In terms of conscience it’s far more difficult. I was totally active in the demonstrations, as part of the anti-occupation bloc. That’s a place where I still have partners in the cause, but among the general Israeli public I feel like an alien. Look, it’s encouraging to see the unity in many protests, but that doesn’t add up to any sort of alternative ideology. At the base of the base, there is no hope. To leave while Israel is bleeding is heartache. We are effectively admitting that we’ve failed.”

Hagit: “My grandfather and grandmother were active in the Tower and Stockade settlements [established by Jewish settlers in Mandatory Palestine]. They fled Poland and Austria in order to establish [Kibbutz] Hanita. It’s just incomprehensible that I, with this [foreign] passport, am now fleeing back to Europe.”

* * *

Fifty-eight-year-old Oded (not his real name), from the north of Israel, is planning to move to Valsesia next year with his partner and their 15-year-old son. The couple, who manage a business of their own, is currently living in so-called lookout community (typically picturesque locales located in the Galilee hills). “We looked for something similar, with nature and landscape, and in Italy we found something 1,000 times more pastoral and beautiful,” he says.

But the allure of verdant expanses in the Piedmont was not what spurred the couple’s decision.

“We decided to leave because in our opinion the country is in an accelerated process of economic and social deterioration, and when that process encounters a security crisis – that’s not a situation we want to be in. The attempt to turn the country into a dictatorship, even if it will be contained temporarily, will exact a steep price,” says Oded, adding that he speaks from experience, having grown up in Ceausescu’s Romania.

“I’m familiar with the damage a dictatorial government does to the functioning of the state, and above all I know how hard it is to topple a government like that,” he continues. “Once it’s entrenched, it spreads like a tumor, because many people have a direct interest in preserving it. It’s a real textbook case of what’s happening now in Israel: Unsuitable people are assuming senior positions on a basis of loyalty, offering some sort of payoff to cronies at lower echelons and so forth. Over time, a pretty stable pyramid gets built.”

Italy wasn’t the first country Oded and his wife considered. “At first we thought of Cyprus and even went there to check out a few options. But after visiting the valley it was obvious to us that it was the place,” he recalls. “The weather is pleasant, the level of health care is high, and Israel and Italy are signatories to all kinds of conventions and tax agreements that will make it easier for us to run our business remotely.”

The fact that Oded speaks Romanian also didn’t hurt: “Italian and Romanian are really sister languages, and Italian in general is quite an easy language. My wife has become very immersed in it; she’s learning Italian every day and enjoying it very much.”

The couple is enrolling their son in a Varallo high school, where classes are all taught in Italian. “I don’t know how much he gets what we’re doing,” says Oded, “but he’s a strong type.”

The family is now in final negotiations to buy a house in the valley. Their excitement, though, is tinged with sadness.

“It’s a breaking point for us,” he says. “We’re both patriots, and there’s been quite a bit of crying lately, but we understand that Israel is no longer a safe place to live, that the country has changed. When we began to get into the emigration groups [on social media], we saw the number of people who are thinking about leaving the country – and they are the very people who are holding it together. Even if the legislation is halted and we win the fight on points, Israel’s future is very far from rosy.”

* * *

Those who make the move to Valsesia will become acquainted with the seasonal cycle there, where winter is snowy, spring is a profusion of colors, summers are dressed in green and autumn is a blanket of fallen foliage. This is a place where rafting and kayaking sites abut schoolyards, where the head of a local council is also the village grocer, where a wandering farmers market shows up once a week, and sometimes also flea markets. Little creeks thread their way through the backyards of homes. Ski buffs have their choice of nearby resorts in Italy, Switzerland and France. Violence, crime and traffic jams are almost abstract concepts. But still, this partly empty Alpine valley, whose new Israeli residents describe it as paradise on Earth, is by locals to be a disadvantaged backwater.

Davide Filié, a Valsesia resident, is assisting with the integration of the Israelis. “When I was a child there were quite a few schools here and they were all full,” he relates. “Over the years families started to leave, especially to Milan and Turin. Some of them kept their house here and use it for summer vacation. There are only 13 people left in the village I grew up in, and there are other villages that are almost nonexistent today.”

Filié, who says he’s fond of languages, has been making a special effort lately to learn Hebrew, to help him communicate with the prospective newcomers. He says the possibility that Israelis will reinforce the dwindling local population is “too good to be true.”

But Luzzati is a big believer. “The truth is that we’re also building a community there,” he said at the meeting in Israel. “I’m cautious about using that word, because I know that there are many people in Israel who have been hurt by communitarianism. And it’s important for you to know that there is nothing binding in this connection: We will help anyone who wants to go there, unconditionally. But in the end the goal is to come together. The moment we collect a critical mass of people there who speak the same language, it will happen by itself. Perhaps we will set up a club, a community center. There’s no shortage of available buildings. It’s clear to me that a community will be created, I feel it in my soul. Ultimately, that’s the overall objective.”

* * *

Baita is one of the most active Israeli initiatives aimed at collective emigration, in practical terms, but similar groups also exist. In recent weeks a number of designated groups for relocation to various places – from Portugal and Spain to New Zealand – have been created on WhatsApp.

In most cases, these groups are primarily engaged with making information available. The conversation ranges from basic issues such as visas and taxation, to specific questions about transporting pets and tips about movers. From time to time the administrators of these groups organize Zoom meetings with lawyers or real estate agents from the target country, and sometimes also with Israelis who are already living there.

These groups do not purport to establish an organized system of emigration; their aim is to provide a tailwind for individuals and families seeking a change. Prominent among them are physicians, over 1,000 of whom became involved in designated relocation groups formed after the Knesset eliminated the so-called reasonableness standard for court decisions. The exchange of information in Facebook groups dealing with relocation is also more intense than ever. For example, administrators of the Israelis in Copenhagen group reported that in the past few weeks alone, some 1,000 people have asked to join.

Also at the height of its activity is Relocation from Israel Abroad, a private Facebook group. One of its administrators, Or Yochanan, an Israeli who lives in Austin, Texas, says that until last November the group numbered about 8,000 members who had gradually joined over the course of seven years of activity. The past few months have seen a surge to 27,000.

“What we’re seeing is unprecedented,” Yochanan says. “We are now experiencing an organic growth of 500 members a day. I have already seen all manner of peaks in times of security-related tensions, but in general it fades away. This time the level of involvement of the new members is incredible.”

Is it your impression that people are inwardly ripe for the move?

“Almost everyone we speak to is in some sort of stage – clarifications, interviews, citizenship and visa processes. Those who mock the people expressing a desire to leave, who shrug it off as just another ‘wave,’ don’t understand how determined they are and how deep the crisis is. I myself have emigrated completely, but I am definitely not one of those who wants to see a mass exit or a ‘let the country burn’ approach. That makes me very sad.”

* * *

New Israeli Village is a group that is on the seam between supporting those who are wrestling with the idea of leaving and more actively advocating for collective emigration. Its WhatsApp group was created shortly after Justice Minister Yariv Levin presented his plan for a “reform” of the country’s entire judicial establishment; the number of members rose in direct proportion to the advancement of the legislation. The group’s goals:

“Establishing a city of leading Israelis, in another country. Creating a community of a few thousand Israelis who hold in-demand professions, who will unite to obtain immigration visas collectively, purchase a particularly large tract of land in a good location, obtain building permits. From the outset the city will include a hospital at the highest level, high-tech firms, commercial centers and even Jewish-Israeli cultural centers. In the community we will also provide for older people, and those with special needs and complex medical problems, who in the [usual process of] emigration of individuals would be left behind.”

The group was established by Efrat, a lecturer on film, whose name has also been changed at her request. At first, she says, “it was half serious and half a protest group.” However, as time passed, what had begun as a conceptual exercise became a concrete initiative. Even foreign governments took note of the group emerging in Israel – with its mix of physicians, engineers and other attractive professions who are exploring a way out of the country.

“We held a Zoom [chat] with a Portuguese minister, we also had a conversation with someone from the Cypriot government,” Efrat notes. “Even the government of Zanzibar approached us through an Israeli who lives there. They made an incredible offer: an area by the sea, proper infrastructure. The truth is that I was stunned, but people in the group were less enthusiastic about moving to an undemocratic, Third World country. The majority prefer English-speaking countries: the United States, England, Canada.”

New Israeli Village currently numbers about 1,000 members. Recently a subgroup called New Israeli Village Canada, with some 600 members, split off from it, and is focusing on two possible destinations: Vancouver and Toronto.

Another initiative to establish an Israeli colony abroad, which is being conducted in the space between Facebook (where it is a private group) and Zoom, is New Israel – Israeli State, Democratic-Liberal. This group, started within the last year and now counting about 2,000 members, is being spearheaded by a high-tech entrepreneur named Yonatan Sela. He relates that he and his partner in the initiative set it in motion following the passage of the law annulling the reasonableness standard. “For years we talked about the subject and explored it, and now we feel the time has come to move to the stage of doing,” he says.

Their idea is to organize a massive land purchase in a country that has an economic, scientific and even security interest in absorbing human capital from Israel. In a Zoom meeting held in mid-August, Sela noted that New Israel (in Hebrew the words are rendered in transliteration) aspires to find property totalling about 60 square kilometers (23 sq. miles), which is about the size of the city of Rishon Letzion, south of Tel Aviv: “An area of that size will be able to constitute an infrastructure for a settlement community, not only for an initial core group but also for those who join [afterward].”

Sela stressed that the new community would be organized based on an Israeli – not a Jewish – identity. “Israeliness has been a distinct nation for a long time. Everyone who’s Israeli will be invited to come there, including Arabs,” he says, adding, “We aren’t there yet, but Cyprus looks like a good option.”

Israel 2.0 is yet another Facebook group that aims to help members of Israel’s despondent liberal camp to relocate, in this case, to the United States. “The intention is to build a new city from scratch, and from the ground up to construct infrastructures of education, industry, technology, health, law, culture and institutions in the spirit of our vision – of a democratic, liberal Israel,” says Gil Levy, who comes from the high-tech industry and is one of the leaders of this initiative. “We aspire to live there as Israelis with the unique culture that was created here, to maintain beautiful, good Israel within American society.”

How was the idea born?

“It’s playing out on social media, based on an understanding that even if we win the battle over the regime coup, the big campaign has already been decided. We thought that instead of individual migrants, we would go in a different direction. We’re talking about a heterogeneous group that will emigrate in a number of stages.”

According to Levy, an active core group is leading this venture. Recently they finished formulating their own manifesto of the new Israel, and have begun establishing work teams focusing on areas of interest to prospective immigrants, such as technology, education, medicine, academia and so on. They intend to contact members of the U.S. Senate, he adds: “The idea is to get a permit for mass immigration from Israel to the United States. We are starting to work on it. Noah didn’t start building his ark when the first drops of the flood fell. He had prepared ahead of time.”

* * *

After the judicial revolution was launched early this year, two initiatives sprang up for individuals from Israel’s high-tech industry who are contemplating relocation. In March, Yosi Taguri, the Israeli operations manager for U.S.-based ZipRecruiter, an employment marketplace, announced the launch of Noah’s Ark 2.0. He presented its members as “a group of people who share a common set of values and want to live together in order to build a better future.” Taguri declined to speak with Haaretz about where the initiative stands. “We’re not talking about it; the protest is the most important thing to invest in at the moment,” he stated.

A second venture, which was also launched in March with much fanfare but now appears to have faded, is called Plan B: A group of leading high-tech workers announced that they were in negotiations with European countries about establishing “a new home for the startup nation.” TheMarker reported that representatives of the group were indeed holding discussions with senior political officials in Greece and had also put out feelers in Cyprus and Portugal with the aim of creating an attractive emigration package for Israeli tech workers. The Plan B group described their project as undergoing planning at “an official state level” and as “something big and strategic.” In closed meetings, its leaders related that they had established a direct channel with the Greek foreign minister.

One of those leaders is Ori Hadomi, the founder of Mazor Robotics, a surgical device company that was sold for $1.6 billion. “Greece is a country that is crying out for economic development,” he says, “and here there are thousands of high-tech employees who are looking for alternatives before they scatter all over the world. This dialogue fits the Greek government like a glove.”

Nevertheless, Hadomi and his associates preferred to take a step back. “In the dialogue with them, which was intimate and took place at the highest levels, I said we had no intention of taking part in getting Israelis to move out of Israel. We passed the ball to them [the Greeks] and encouraged them to be active in formulating attractive packages for potential emigrants. From our side, I don’t know of any organized group that is working with them at the moment to advance the idea. I will not be the one who sails boats from Israel to Greece – the wind that’s blowing propels them by itself.”

CrunchBase : The Week’s 10 Biggest Funding Rounds: Energy-Related Startups Spark

The Week’s 10 Biggest Funding Rounds: Energy-Related Startups Spark Huge Rounds

This week didn’t see quite as many $100 million-plus rounds as the previous, but it somewhat made up for that with some huge ones. The two biggest this week totaled $1.7 billion. Not bad for what is usually a quiet, unofficial last week of summer.

1. Redwood Materials, $1B, renewable energy: Figuring out how to get the raw materials for the batteries needed for electric vehicles is attracting big money these days. Swedish lithium-ion battery producer Northvolt raised $1.2 billion through a convertible note last week. Berkeley, California-based mining startup KoBold Metals raised a $195 million round in June at a $1.15 billion valuation. This week, battery materials firm Redwood Materials followed suit with a massive $1 billion-plus in new funding. The round was co-led by Goldman Sachs Asset Management, Capricorn‘s Technology Impact Fund and funds advised by T. Rowe Price Associates. The Houston-based battery recycling startup creates sustainable materials for circular EV supply chains. That is not the only big money Redwood has seen this year. In February it received a conditional commitment for a $2 billion loan from the U.S. Department of Energy to build a recycling and remanufacturing facility in Nevada. Founded in 2017, the company has raised $3.8 billion, per Crunchbase.

2. Peregrine Energy, $700M, energy: Another energy-related round landed high on the list. Boulder, Colorado-based clean-energy platform Peregrine Energy secured a $700 million mixed round — credit, equity and debt financing — in an agreement with funds managed by AB CarVal to help fund its pipeline of energy deals, including standalone battery, solar and wind technologies. The company declined to reveal the exact mix of the round. Founded just last year, the company is a partnership between Peregrine Energy Management and asset management firm Castlelake. It is the company’s first outside financing, per Crunchbase.

3. (tied) Apollo.io, $100M, sales: Not every round this week had to do with energy. San Francisco-based Apollo.io just wants to help you sell more. The startup raised a $100 million Series D led by Bain Capital Ventures, nearly doubling its valuation to $1.6 billion. Apollo.io, a sales intelligence and engagement platform, said it has grown revenue 9x through the last two years. The startup provides a suite of sales and marketing workflow tools, and has even introduced an AI-powered assistant tool to send more targeted and relevant emails to sales prospects. The raise is the largest non-private equity round to go to a sales tech startup in the U.S. this year, per Crunchbase data. It doubles the $50 million round Utah-based Spiff raised in May. In general, funding to U.S.-based sales tech startups has been in a lull this year, with about $550 million going to such companies. Last year saw $2.8 billion raised by such startups even as the venture market slowed. That included Apollo.io closing a $110 million Series C round led by Sequoia Capital in March 2022 after raising its Series B in late 2021. Founded in 2015, the company has raised more than $250 million, per Crunchbase.

3. (tied) Beta Bionics, $100M, health care: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Preventionl’s National Diabetes Statistics Report for 2022, cases of diabetes have risen to an estimated 37.3 million, so the disease clearly is a big problem. Diabetes management startup Beta Bionics is looking to help. The Concord, Massachusetts-based company raised a $100 million Series D co-led by new investors Sands Capital and Omega Funds. The new funding will be used to grow its flagship product — iLet Bionic Pancreas, an autonomous insulin delivery system. Founded in 2015, the company has raised more than $293 million, per Crunchbase.

3. (tied) Professional Fighters League, $100M, sports: This marks a first for the Top 10 list — an MMA startup makes it. New York-based Professional Fighters League landed a minority investment from Saudi Arabia-based SRJ Sports Investments. The investment was reported to be $100 million. Of course, investments in U.S. firms from Saudi Arabia funds are increasing, as we’ve reported. In addition, Saudi Arabia-based investors have shown a significant appetite for sports, creating LIV Golf — which eventually merged with the PGA Tour — and buying several big-named professional soccer players, such as Cristiano Ronaldo, for their own league. Founded in 2017, the MMA startup has raised more than $300 million, per Crunchbase.

6. Mediafly, $80M, enterprise software: Chicago-based sales enablement software developer Mediafly closed an $80 million round led by BIP Ventures. Founded in 2006, the company has raised nearly $140 million, per Crunchbase.

7. i2o Therapeutics, $46M, biotech: Boston-based i2o Therapeutics, a biotech startup developing oral treatments, raised a $46 million Series A. Investors were not announced. Founded in 2019, the company has raised more than $90 million, per Crunchbase.

8. (tied) AeroSafe Global, $43M, supply chain: Rochester, New York-based cold chain solution provider AeroSafe Global locked up a $43 million round led by NewSpring, through its NewSpring Healthcare arm. Founded in 1995, Crunchbase data shows that the company has raised nearly $163 million.

8. (tied) Otto, $43M, veterinary: Austin, Texas-based Otto, formerly TeleVet, closed a $43 million Series B round from existing investors Mercury Fund and Boehringer Ingelheim, and new investor Hill’s Pet Nutrition. Founded in 2020, the veterinary clinic platform has raised $50 million, per Crunchbase.

8. (tied) Spencer Health Solutions, $43M, pharmaceuticals: Morrisville, North Carolina-based medication management startup Spencer Health Solutions raised a $43 million Series D, with additional funding expected before the end of the year. Founded in 2015, the company has raised more than $66 million, per Crunchbase.

WSJ : Tesla Leads Race to Draw Federal Money for Charging Networks

Tesla Leads Race to Draw Federal Money for Charging Networks
Elon Musk’s company is beating out rivals to win millions of dollars in federal grant awards

Tesla TSLA -5.06%decrease; red down pointing triangle is winning the early stages of the EV charging race.

The electric-vehicle maker is building charging stations cheaper and faster than competitors. As a result, Tesla is scooping up millions of dollars in federal grant awards for building roadside chargers with bids that are about half the cost of what its rivals have offered.

The federal funds, part of a national effort to build out the country’s charging network, might help solidify Tesla as a dominant force in the charging market. No one expects a monopoly, and a group of other automakers plans to invest $1 billion in chargers, but the company already operates the nation’s largest charging network, with a decade head start on many newcomers.

A handful of states are starting to release the first wave of about $5 billion intended to dot U.S. highways with fast chargers and overcome “range anxiety.” The money was approved in the 2021 federal infrastructure law and is being released over five years. Many states have committed billions of dollars more.

The ability to repower cars in about 30 minutes and let drivers hopscotch from charger to charger across the country is considered essential to putting EV drivers at ease. Automakers are investing heavily in EVs, but so far the U.S. has only around 33,400 fast chargers, according to government data.

Three out of five of all fast chargers are in Tesla’s network. The company started building its proprietary Supercharger network a decade ago so its drivers could take road trips. In February, Tesla said it would open part of the network to other vehicles.

The company is installing large banks of chargers at a faster clip than others—and has said it can do so at a cost 20% to 70% lower than rivals. It plans to fit its chargers with connectors that work with Teslas or other kinds of cars, qualifying it for federal money.

So far, Tesla is the winning bidder to build chargers at about 18% of the sites selected by states using the federal dollars to fund fast chargers, more than any other company, according to data from EVAdoption, an EV and charging analytics firm. Tesla has won around $8.5 million of the roughly $77 million awarded so far.

Five states—Ohio, Hawaii, Pennsylvania, Maine and Colorado—have selected winners at this point, and full details on sites and designs aren’t yet available. Tesla’s bids averaged around $392,000 a site compared with an average of $795,000 from others.

In most cases, Tesla plans to install eight chargers, and in some cases a dozen. Most companies are sticking to the minimum required by the federal government—at least four fast-charging ports at a station.

Tesla didn’t respond to a request for comment. The company’s chargers are more of a marketing tool to sell cars than a moneymaker. Supercharger revenue could reach about $885 million next year and $10 billion in a decade, according to analysts at Piper Sandler. By then Tesla’s total revenue could reach more than $700 billion, they said.

Other winners so far include some of the nation’s largest convenience stores and truck stops, which have spent decades buying property at highway exits. They have largely avoided major charging investments while the nascent industry remains unprofitable, but are applying for funding to help launch themselves into selling electricity as fuel. Many plan to join with EV-charging networks including Tesla’s to build and operate equipment on their properties.

“They’ve got the real estate,” David Jankowsky, founder and chief executive officer of the Oklahoma-based charging company Francis Energy, said of truck-stop companies. Francis Energy’s federal grant awards include a project at a convenience store along Interstate 70 in Colorado.

The names will be familiar to drivers. Sheetz, Wawa, Love’s Travel Stops, Pilot Flying J, Kum & Go and TravelCenters of America are among the businesses selected by the states to receive federal charging dollars. In all, around 73% of the locations chosen were convenience stores or truck stops, according to EVAdoption.

Brad Jenkins, president of Pilot’s PFJ Energy, said a “significant number of our gas customers” will ultimately switch to EVs, and that grants help to defray but don’t cover building chargers. Pilot’s grant awards included $9.6 million in funding for 14 sites in Ohio.

“The grants go a long way to enable first movers not to face that investment penalty,” Jenkins said.

Shailen Bhatt, administrator of the Federal Highway Administration, said the grants should help spur private investment to “make charging your electric vehicle as convenient as filling up a gas tank.”

Ubiquitous charging stations are still years away. Charging sites have engineering, permitting and construction work to do, plus supply-chain challenges. Utility connections can take a year or longer in some locations.

The charging industry outside the Tesla network has struggled with growing pains, including broken equipment, billing fights with utilities and unprofitability because of the relatively low—for now—percentage of EVs on the road.

President Biden aims to have 500,000 public chargers in the ground by 2030, up from almost 145,000 now. They would be a mix of slower chargers that take several hours to repower EVs and fast chargers, the harder and more costly piece of the charging puzzle. The huge power draw of fast chargers means they often require electrical upgrades.

Tesla’s price advantage is in part because it makes its own chargers. In one Maine bid, it estimated hardware costs of $17,000 a charger, compared with $130,000 by another company, according to EVAdoption.

“We’re vertically integrated,” said Rebecca Tinucci, Tesla’s head of global charging infrastructure, at an investor meeting in March. “We manufacture and engineer all of our own charging equipment.”

The company has established relationships with utilities and local government offices that must approve paperwork, and in some spots has started installing fully assembled charging stations that it transports by truck and plunks down like Legos, cutting construction time. “They move at the speed of light,” Loren McDonald, CEO of EVAdoption, said about Tesla.

In recent months, companies including Ford Motor, General Motors and Rivian Automotive have said they would switch to the Tesla-developed North American Charging Standard on their EVs starting in 2025 and gain access to Tesla chargers next year. For the next several years, the U.S. will have a two-connector system, with most charging stations moving to offer both Tesla’s and the one currently used by most of its competitors.

FT : ‘The Citadel migration’ shaking up Miami’s luxury property market

‘The Citadel migration’ shaking up Miami’s luxury property market
Relocation of Ken Griffin’s hedge fund from Chicago is driving demand in salubrious suburbs

The migration of New York financiers to Miami has created a shortage of luxury housing in upmarket suburbs, where buyers have purchased multimillion-dollar homes in search of easy commutes, more space and proximity to prestigious schools.

Real estate agents say one firm stands out for driving demand: Citadel.

Citadel, the $59bn hedge fund and market maker run by Ken Griffin, in June 2022 announced it would move its headquarters from Chicago, citing lower crime in Florida and the sunshine state’s lower taxes.

“They’ve been buying here aggressively,” said Michael Martinez, a real estate agent with Sotheby’s in Miami, who recently brokered the sale of a $5mn home in Coconut Grove, a quiet salubrious suburb, to a Citadel employee. Most of the luxury homes he has sold in recent months have been to hedge fund buyers, half of them from Griffin’s firm, he estimates. “The Citadel migration is definitely occurring.”

Buyers from Citadel were particularly active in the early spring, agents said, as employees raced to secure properties in time for school enrolment deadlines.

“Employees have been enthusiastic about the headquarters’ move to Miami and appreciate the vibrant energy and quality of life the city has to offer,” said Citadel.

Citadel has moved almost 300 employees to Miami during what the hedge fund describes as a multiyear effort to shift its operations out of Chicago. One employee said the relocation benefits on offer were “generous”, helping to cover the higher cost of living in a city that has boomed since the pandemic.

“The hottest price point in the Gables is between $4mn and $7mn for a five or six thousand square foot house,” said Erin Sykes, a real estate agent in Miami and economist for Nest Seekers, referring to upscale suburb Coral Gables. “That’s what all of these families are looking for.”

“These neighbourhoods are tropical, they’re lush, kind of like the way Florida is imagined to be,” she said. “In the Grove there’s literally peacocks that walk across the street. You have to be really careful driving.”

But a shortage of supply has created a paucity in the high-end home market, as construction backlogs and labour shortages slow development.

In July, Florida governor Ron DeSantis, who is running to be the Republican party’s presidential nominee, signed a law targeting illegal immigration that imposes steep fines on employers who do not check workers’ documentation.

The move has resulted in a shortage of construction workers and is expected to slow development of new homes. “A project that would take six months will now take 12,” said Brett Harris, executive director of luxury sales at real estate firm Douglas Elliman.

There is much more of an inventory shortage in those desirable suburbs. Supply is down by half compared to a year ago,” said Sykes.

The number of luxury homes between $3mn-$7mn in Coral Gables and Coconut Grove has fallen by more than 50 per cent since the start of the pandemic, according to Zillow data. Homes in this price range now account for 40 per cent of total listings.

Sykes said the Citadel effect in Miami was akin to the impact that Google had on Venice Beach in Los Angeles when it opened a large office there. “Every seller was targeting these new Google employees. That’s the only time I’ve seen a single employer-driven market like this.”

Citadel bosses moving to the Miami suburbs have been willing to spend more for “turn key” homes that are ready to move into and require no renovations because they want to settle in before the school year started in mid-August, agents said.

“It’s definitely created a shortage of good properties,” said Jennifer Goldstein, a luxury real estate agent with Official. Buyers like the idea of waterfront living after years of surviving Chicago winters, she added. “We’ve had a lot of Citadel and hedge fund clients that are looking for a resort type house that’s the opposite of what they’ve had . . . They want to play tennis, go fishing and entertain.”

Of the 20 properties Goldstein sold in the past 12 months, she said 70 per cent of buyers worked at hedge funds, many of them Citadel. “And they’re all cash buyers.”

While agents said the pandemic-era bidding wars have largely abated as prices have plateaued, demand for luxury homes persists. “Even in the higher luxury homes it’s not unusual to receive multiple offers on a $10mn plus home,” Martinez at Sotheby’s said.

Shortages were feeding through to homes that were not seen as ultra-luxurious, agents said as Citadel moves not just top earners but also back-office staff to Miami. “When you have an organisation like Citadel, not everyone is making $5mn, $10mn, or $50mn a year,” Sykes said. “They’re not searching for $5mn properties, they’re looking more at the $2mn properties.

“They want to go to the same schools, and eat at the same restaurants . . . they want the fairy tale as well.”

FT : Hedge funds boost bets against Argentine government bonds

Hedge funds boost bets against Argentine government bonds
Investors expect further weakness ahead of next month’s election

Hedge funds have upped bets against Argentina’s bonds as the emergence of radical rightwing candidate Javier Milei has sparked investor fears that the country is on course to elect a leader who will struggle to govern in the throes of an economic crisis.

The total value of Argentina’s bonds borrowed by investors to wager on a fall in prices has jumped by 65 per cent since Milei, a self-described “anarcho-capitalist”, won a primary poll last month ahead of a presidential election in October.

His plans to radically cut public spending and dollarise the country’s ailing economy have shaken the country’s fixed income and currency markets. The value of short positions against Argentine bonds lent by international custodian banks is currently $41mn, a sharp increase from $25mn ahead the mid-August vote, according to data from S&P Global Market Intelligence.

While the numbers are small compared with the overall value of Argentina’s debt, the surge comes despite the fact the bonds already trade in deeply distressed territory.

Caution from international investors comes after a period of turmoil for Argentina’s teetering economy. Inflation is running above 113 per cent, foreign exchange reserves are at dangerously low levels and the peso has lost more than half of its value against the dollar over the past 12 months.

“Given the Argentine dire macroeconomic situation, there is no room for errors,” said Alejandro Arevalo, head of emerging markets debt at Jupiter Asset Management.

He added investors were worried about the difficulty Milei would have implementing much-needed reform policies without a majority in Congress or backing from Argentina’s powerful labour unions, as well as execution risks with Milei, an inexperienced and radical leader.

“The question is not so much whether the proposed reductions in public spending will trigger social protests, but rather how Milei will react to these protests,” Arevalo said.

Investors say the most market-friendly candidate is the more moderate rightwing Patricia Bullrich, who is also proposing a programme of fiscal consolidation. While Milei said he would dramatically cut government spending, his stance has raised concerns over the feasibility of his proposals.

“The dollarisation plan of the leading candidate, Javier Milei, is radical and problematic and it is unclear if it is even achievable or worthwhile,” said Paul Greer, emerging markets debt and FX portfolio manager at Fidelity International. “The market will have great difficulty dealing with this, if he attempts it.”

The primary election result has also extended a period of political paralysis. With the electorate split roughly three ways between Milei voters, the mainstream centre-right party and those of incumbent populist Peronists, October’s election is hanging by a thread and analysts say a run off in November is a near certainty.


Investors are worried about what could happen in Argentina between now and November, as the devaluation of the exchange rate puts even more pressure on the country’s spiralling inflation problem.

“A dire situation in the short term is probably going to get even more dire,” said Peter West, economic adviser at EM Funding. “I’m not predicting this will happen but there’s a chance Argentina could fall into hyper inflation — monthly inflation will probably be in double digits in the coming months.”

The price of Argentine dollar bonds fell as much as 15 per cent immediately after Milei won more than 30 per cent of the vote held on August 13, and the value of the peso on unofficial exchange rates weakened. The central bank responded quickly by devaluing its official exchange rate by as much as 18 per cent to 350 pesos per dollar, which helped bonds recover part of their losses.

The blue-chip swap rate, a free-floating exchange rate for international investors who buy stocks and bonds, has continued to weaken to more than 780 pesos to the dollar on Friday.