FT : Iran energy crisis enters new phase as peak summer season approaches

Iran energy crisis enters new phase as peak summer season approaches
Emergency measures spread as oil stockpiles run low

Nearly 80 countries have now introduced emergency measures to protect their economies as the world approaches a new, more dangerous phase in the energy crisis driven by the Iran war.

Governments are stepping up their responses ahead of a looming tipping point, when traders warn that oil prices could jump again sharply unless more fuel trapped in the Gulf can be exported through the blockaded Strait of Hormuz.

Paul Diggle, chief economist at fund manager Aberdeen, said his team was now examining a scenario where Brent crude rockets to $180 a barrel, causing surging inflation and recessions in a host of European and Asian countries.

“We are taking that outcome very seriously,” he told the FT, adding that it was not yet his base case. “We are living on borrowed time.”



Demand for air conditioning and holiday travel at the start of the northern hemisphere’s summer will put further strain on supplies of crude oil, gasoline, diesel and jet fuel, when global stocks are already falling at the fastest rate on record.

Australia has pledged to spend $10bn to boost its fuel and fertiliser stockpiles, while France has said it will “change the scope and scale” of its support to shield its economy from the crisis. India has urged the public not to buy gold or holiday abroad as it tries to shore up its reserves of foreign currency.

The International Energy Agency estimates that the number of countries that have already been forced into emergency measures has reached 76, up from 55 at the end of March.

Economists and traders warn the next phase of the crisis could bring another sharp jump in energy prices, broader fuel rationing, industrial shutdowns and a significant slowdown in global growth. 

If the Middle East conflict “does not end in the coming weeks and we don’t have the reopening of the Hormuz strait, I’m afraid a world recession could be on the table”, the EU’s transport commissioner Apostolos Tzitzikostas told an FT conference in Athens on Thursday.

Since the outbreak of the conflict, the world has been existing beyond its energy means.

The IEA estimates that between March and June global oil consumption will run roughly 6mn barrels a day above production. Some analysts believe the shortfall could be closer to 8mn-9mn barrels a day.

To cover the shortfall, traders have drained stockpiles of oil on land and at sea and governments have pledged to release their strategic reserves.

More than 2mn barrels a day of emergency crude from strategic reserves are flowing into the system, but many of those releases are scheduled to end by July.

Global reserves have fallen by nearly 380mn barrels since the war began, the IEA said, excluding the inaccessible stocks trapped inside the Gulf.


Exactly when a crunch point might be reached is difficult to predict.

Most oil reserves, over 3bn barrels, are held by oil companies, traders and refineries, but the majority of this “inventory” is part of the system. Pipelines require minimum volumes to maintain pressure, refineries need continuous supplies and storage tanks cannot be fully drained without risking damage.

Markets would seize up well before inventories hit zero, said analysts. 

“The minimum operating level depends by country and by product,” said Paul Horsnell of the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. 

JPMorgan estimates inventories among OECD countries could approach “operational stress levels” by early June.

But much will depend on how aggressively governments, companies and consumers begin rationing.

In most advanced economies, analysts expect crises to manifest primarily through higher prices rather than outright shortages.

While Brent crude is currently trading at more than $105 a barrel, Horsnell said this would not be enough to significantly curb demand.

“This is well short of the all-time high above $140 a barrel that was set 18 years ago. Not very long ago, we thought $90 a barrel was a normal price,” he said.


Across large parts of the developing world, shortages are already apparent.

The IEA said emergency measures introduced in Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the Philippines since the start of the crisis “evoke memories” of the 2022 energy crisis following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, a shock that eventually triggered debt crises in several emerging economies. All three countries have introduced temporary four-day working weeks.

So far, however, food prices have not risen as sharply as energy prices, while the unusually strong US dollar that compounded the 2022 crisis for oil-importing countries “is absent now”, the agency noted.


The sectors suffering the most immediate disruption are petrochemicals and aviation.

Kim Fustier, head of European oil and gas research at HSBC, said the “epicentre” of the disruption for consumers was now refined fuels, where inventories were tightening rapidly because refiners were reluctant to buy expensive crude and pay soaring shipping costs.

Instead, many refiners have been drawing down existing stocks while betting on a relatively quick end to the conflict.

For now, many economists are counting on the supply situation to improve soon enough to return crude oil prices below $100 a barrel and to avoid the worst ‘stagflationary’ outcomes of sharply rising inflation and weaker growth.

Analysts at Morgan Stanley, for example, expect global growth to continue on the back of America’s AI-investment boom and firm consumer spending.

But the risks are rising. “An ‘escalation’ scenario — where oil prices surge through $150 a barrel — would mean physical shortages, supply chain disruption, and recessionary outcomes,” they said in a note this week.

Le Monde : Le nombre de normes en vigueur atteint un nouveau sommet, avec 366 99

Le nombre de normes en vigueur atteint un nouveau sommet, avec 366 999 articles, 48,8 millions de mots, soit 113 jours de lecture…
Le secrétariat général du gouvernement a publié, vendredi 15 mai, l’édition 2026 de ses « indicateurs de suivi de l’activité normative ». La production de normes repart à la hausse et le corpus juridique actuellement en vigueur n’a jamais été aussi important.

« Nul n’est censé ignorer la loi », dit l’adage. Encore faut-il pouvoir maîtriser son immensité. En dépit des engagements répétés des gouvernements pour lutter contre l’inflation normative, le volume du droit en vigueur continue en effet d’augmenter. Au point d’atteindre un nouveau niveau record, selon le secrétariat général du gouvernement, qui a publié, vendredi 15 mai, l’édition 2026 de ses « indicateurs de suivi de l’activité normative ».

Les chiffres fournis par les services du premier ministre ont de quoi donner le tournis. Textes législatifs et réglementaires confondus, pas moins de 366 999 articles de droit sont actuellement en vigueur… C’est 1,55 % de plus qu’en 2025. Sur dix ans, la hausse s’élève à 19 %, et à 51 % sur vingt ans. Depuis 2002 et les premières statistiques de Matignon, elle atteint près de 70 %.

Autre indicateur, encore plus frappant, de cette inflation : le volume du droit français exprimé en nombre de mots. En 2026, les textes en vigueur totalisent 48,8 millions de mots. Un chiffre lui aussi en hausse, de 2,3 % sur un an, de 30 % par rapport à 2016 et de… 81 % depuis 2006. Ce corpus juridique a même plus que doublé depuis 2002 – environ 22 millions de mots. A un rythme de lecture moyen – 300 mots par minute, il faudrait donc environ 2 713 heures pour parcourir l’ensemble du droit, soit 113 jours. Avis aux amateurs…

Reprise de l’activité normative
« Cette folie normative est notamment à mettre au compte de la reprise de l’activité législative en 2025 », analyse le haut fonctionnaire Charles Eoche-Duval, spécialiste de la problématique des normes. En raison du contexte politique et des deux périodes d’expédition des « affaires courantes » ayant suivi la démission du gouvernement Attal (suite à la dissolution de l’Assemblée nationale) puis la chute du gouvernement Barnier, l’année 2024 fut effectivement une « petite » année en matière de production normative, avec 39 lois promulguées (hors ratification de traités internationaux), contre 56 en 2023.

La tendance s’est inversée en 2025, avec 62 lois (49 d’initiative parlementaire et 13 d’origine gouvernementale), soit une hausse de 59 % sur un an, mais bien loin du record de 67 lois de 2021, dont 7 étaient liées à la gestion de la crise du Covid-19. Alors qu’il avait baissé de près de 8 % en 2024, le nombre de décrets publiés, 1 446, est lui aussi en augmentation en 2025, de 10 %.

Le nombre d’ordonnances augmente également : 14 prises en 2025, contre 9 en 2024. Leur nombre reste néanmoins inférieur à celui observé en 2023, où 23 avaient été recensées. A la différence de ses précédentes statistiques, Matignon n’a pas fourni cette année de données sur le nombre d’arrêtés publiés.

Des responsabilités partagées
« Les données du secrétariat général du gouvernement montrent une nouvelle fois que, malgré toutes les promesses gouvernementales, les pouvoirs publics n’arrivent pas à enrayer la production de normes faute de pilotage, de consignes strictes et de véritables reportings », regrette Charles Eoche-Duval, qui plaide pour la création d’un « office parlementaire de la norme » pour en avoir un « vrai contrôle démocratique ».

Les responsabilités de cette inflation normative « sont partagées », analyse l’ancien président de la section du contentieux du Conseil d’Etat, Jean-Denis Combrexelle, auteur de Les Normes à l’assaut de la démocratie (Odile Jacob, 2024). Celui qui fut le directeur de cabinet d’Elisabeth Borne à Matignon le reconnaît : « L’administration a bien entendu une part de responsabilité avec une forme de syndrome de premier de la classe ou de bon élève qui veut que les textes soient parfaits et exhaustifs. » Mais, poursuit-il, « tant qu’on considérera que l’Etat profond est le coupable tout désigné de l’inflation normative, nous ne parviendrons pas à régler le problème ».

Pour le haut fonctionnaire, c’est en effet la société « dans son ensemble » – les citoyens et les entreprises notamment – qui plaide pour des normes supplémentaires : « Dès qu’il y a un problème, on veut mettre en place une nouvelle norme par sécurité juridique. On rejoint quelque chose de très culturel, c’est la problématique de la défiance ou plutôt du manque de confiance. »

Les parlementaires ont aussi leur part de responsabilité, ajoute Jean-Denis Combrexelle. Outre la multiplication des textes d’origine parlementaire qui sont dépourvus d’étude d’impact, le Parlement fait en effet toujours gonfler la loi après l’avoir examinée. Ainsi, en 2025, le nombre d’articles figurant dans les projets et propositions de loi in fine promulgués dépassait de 51,8 % celui recensé lors du dépôt initial de ces textes.

TechCrunch : What happens when AI starts building itself?

What happens when AI starts building itself?

Richard Socher has been a major figure in AI for some time, best knowg imn for founding the early chatbot startup You.com and, before that, his work on ImageNet. Now he’s joining the current generation of research-focused AI startups with Recursive Superintelligence, a San Francisco-based startup that came out of stealth on Wednesday with $650 million in funding.

Socher is joined in the new venture by a cohort of prominent AI researchers, including Peter Norvig and Cresta co-founder Tim Shi. Together, they’re working to create a recursively self-improving AI model, one that can autonomously identify its own weaknesses and redesign itself to fix them, without human involvement — a long-held holy grail of contemporary AI research.

I spoke with him on Zoom after the launch, digging into Recursive’s unique technical approach and why he doesn’t think of this new project as a neolab, the informal term for a new generation of AI startups that prioritize research over building products.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity.

We hear a lot about recursion these days! It feels like a very common goal across different labs. What do you see as your unique approach?

Our unique approach is to use open-endedness to get to recursive self-improvement, which no one has yet achieved. It’s an elusive goal for a lot of people. A lot of people already assume it happens when you just do auto-research. You know, you can take AI and ask it to make some other thing better, which could be a machine learning system, or just a letter that you write, or, you know, whatever it might be, right? But that’s not recursive self-improvement. That’s just improvement.

Our main focus is to build truly recursive, self-improving superintelligence at scale, which means that the entire process of ideation, implementation, and validation of research ideas would be automatic.

First [it would automate] AI research ideas, eventually any kind of research ideas, even eventually in the physical domains. But it's particularly powerful when it's AI working on itself, and it's developing a new kind of sense of self-awareness of its own shortcomings.

You used the term open-ended — does that have a specific technical meaning?

It does. In fact, Tim Rocktäschel, one of our co-founders, led the open-endedness and self-improvement teams at Google DeepMind and particularly worked on the world model Genie 3, which is a great example of open-endedness. You can tell it any concept, any world, any agent, and it just creates it, and it's interactive.

In biological evolution, animals adapt to the environment, and then others counter-adapt to those adaptations. It's just a process that can evolve for billions of years, and interesting stuff keeps happening, right? That's how we developed eyes in our [heads].

Another example is rainbow teaming, from another paper from Tim. Have you heard of red teaming?

In cybersecurity, it means—

So, red teaming also has to be done in an LLM context. Basically you try to get the LLM to tell you how to build a bomb, and you want to make sure that it doesn’t do it.

Now, humans can sit there for a long time and come up with interesting examples of what the AI shouldn't say. But what if you tested this first AI with a second AI, and that second AI now has the task of making the first AI [try to] say all the possible bad things. And then they can go back and forth for millions of iterations.

You can actually allow two AIs to co-evolve. One keeps attacking the other, and then comes up with not just one angle but many different angles, and hence the rainbow analogy. And then you can inoculate the first AI, and you become safer and safer. This was an idea from Tim Rocktaeschel, and it’s now used in all the major labs.

How do you know when it’s done? I suppose it’s never done.

Some of these things will never be done. You can always get more intelligent. You can always get better at programming and math and so on. There are some bounds on intelligence; I’m actually trying to formalize those right now, but they’re astronomical. We’re very far away from those limits.

As a neolab, it feels like you’re supposed to be doing something that the major labs aren’t doing. So part of the implication here is that you don’t think the major labs are going to reach RSI [recursive self-improvement] by doing what they’re doing. Is that fair to say?

I can’t really comment on what they’re doing, but I do think we’re approaching it differently. We really embrace the concept of open-endedness, and our team is entirely focused on that vision. And the team has been researching this and doing papers in this space for the last decade. And the team has a track record of really pushing the field forward significantly and shipping real products. You know, Tim Shi built Cresta into a unicorn. Josh Tobin was one of the first people at OpenAI and eventually led their Codex teams and the deep research teams.

I actually sometimes struggle a little bit with this neolab category. I feel like we're not just a lab. I want us to become a really viable company, to really have amazing products that people love to use, that have positive impact on humanity.

So when do you plan to ship your first product?

I’ve thought about that a lot. The team has made so much progress, we may actually pull up the timelines from what we had initially assumed. But yes, there will be products, and you’ll have to wait quarters, not years.

One of the ideas around recursive self-improvement is that, once we have this sort of system, compute becomes the only important resource. The faster you run the system, the faster it will improve, and there’s no outside human activity that will really make a difference. So the race just becomes, how much processing power can we throw at this? Do you think that’s the world we’re headed toward?

Compute is not to be underestimated. I think in the future, a really important question will be: How much compute does humanity want to spend to solve which problems? Here’s this cancer and here’s that virus — which one do you want to solve first? How much compute do you want to give it? It becomes a matter of resource allocation eventually. It’s going to be one of the biggest questions in the world.

Le Figaro : Nicolas Baverez : « L’économie française laminée par un triple choc

Nicolas Baverez : « L’économie française laminée par un triple choc »

À la crise énergétique causée par la guerre en Iran et le blocage du détroit d’Ormuz, s’ajoutent une commotion fiscale et un étranglement financier lié à la perte de contrôle des finances publiques, d’origine intérieure.

L’économie française a basculé dans la stagflation. La croissance a été nulle au premier trimestre. L’inflation a doublé en un an pour s’établir à 2,2 % en avril. Le chômage a bondi à 8,1 % de la population active, en hausse de 0,7 % sur un an. Le déficit commercial s’est creusé à 14,1 milliards d’euros, soit une dégradation de 2,8 milliards sur trois mois.

La France n’est certes pas le seul pays durement frappé par le choc pétrolier déclenché par la guerre d’Iran et le blocage du détroit d’Ormuz. Et ce en raison de la hausse du prix des hydrocarbures, qui transfère 1,5 % du PIB vers les pays producteurs - contre 3 % du PIB en 1973, quand la valeur du baril avait quadruplé. Notre économie se trouve cependant dans une situation singulière qui l’expose de manière exceptionnelle. Elle est en effet touchée par trois chocs : à la crise énergétique, d’origine extérieure, s’ajoutent une commotion fiscale et un étranglement financier lié à la perte de contrôle des finances publiques, d’origine intérieure.

L’économie française présente la particularité d’avoir été rattrapée par le cataclysme pétrolier, alors même qu’elle se trouvait en panne totale. L’activité était en effet à l’arrêt au début de l’année et tous ses moteurs fonctionnaient en marche arrière. La consommation affichait un recul de 0,1 %, l’investissement de 0,4 %, le commerce extérieur de 0,7 %, seule la reconstitution des stocks permettant, in extremis, d’éviter la récession. Ce décrochage découle de l’effondrement de l’offre productive, dont témoigne l’envolée des faillites, qui ont touché 19.000 entreprises, et la multiplication des plans sociaux, avec à la clé la destruction de 11 400 emplois, dont plus de 5000 dans l’industrie.

La paralysie de l’économie française
La paralysie de l’économie française précède l’attaque de l’Iran par les États-Unis et Israël, le 28 février. Elle résulte de l’électrochoc fiscal qui lui a été appliqué par les budgets pour 2025 et 2026. La réduction du déficit à 5,1 % du PIB en 2025 a été intégralement obtenue par la hausse vertigineuse des recettes publiques de 58 milliards d’euros et des impôts de 23 milliards, tandis que les dépenses dérivaient de 41,4 milliards. Les entreprises ont supporté l’essentiel de l’alourdissement de la fiscalité, notamment via la surtaxe sur les grandes entreprises, qui a rapporté 7,5 milliards. Le budget pour 2026 a amplifié le matraquage en prévoyant 20 milliards de nouvelles hausses d’impôts, couplées à une nouvelle accélération des dépenses sociales découlant de la suspension de la réforme des retraites.

Les budgets pour 2025 et 2026 ont ainsi poussé à ses limites le modèle français qui consiste pour l’État à cannibaliser le secteur privé pour financer l’explosion des dépenses sociales. Mais la pression fiscale détruit désormais l’économie. Ce qu’Arthur Laffer avait rêvé, avec sa courbe montrant que la hausse des impôts finissait par ruiner l’État en détruisant l’offre et la demande, Emmanuel Macron l’a fait.

Le choc pétrolier a donc percuté une économie non seulement à l’arrêt, mais profondément fragilisée. Alors que le gouvernement s’enferme dans le déni, nul ne peut douter que le capitalisme subit la plus violente crise énergétique de son histoire et que ses conséquences seront dévastatrices pour la France. Indépendamment de sa course à l’arme atomique, la République islamique d’Iran a mis en œuvre avec le blocus du détroit d’Ormuz une arme de destruction massive de l’économie mondiale. Fatih Birol, directeur de l’Agence internationale de l’énergie, a ainsi mis en garde contre « une crise plus grave que celles de 1973, 1979 et 2022 réunies ». Son jugement a été confirmé par Amin Nasser, président d’Aramco, qui a souligné que le monde était confronté, avec la perte de 1 milliard de barils, à un ébranlement sans précédent et que, même en cas de réouverture rapide d’Ormuz, il n’y aurait pas de retour à la normale avant 2027.

L’accélération de la chute
L’augmentation du prix du pétrole, qui a été contenue à 40 % par la mobilisation des stocks stratégiques - contre un quadruplement en 1973 et un doublement en 1979 - s’amplifiera avec l’insuffisance de la production et le tarissement des réserves, ce qui pourrait porter le prix du baril vers 150 dollars. Elle durera jusqu’à la remise en état des installations et le rétablissement de la liberté de circulation dans le golfe Persique et en mer Rouge. Simultanément s’affirme un manque de carburants spécifiques, comme le kérosène, vital pour le transport aérien. Au choc sur les hydrocarbures s’ajoute enfin la pénurie de matériaux et d’intrants critiques, comme l’aluminium, les molécules pour la chimie et les plastiques, l’hélium - indispensable à la fabrication des microprocesseurs - ou encore les engrais - ce qui prépare une crise alimentaire en 2027 qui est en train de se nouer en Asie, notamment en Inde ou au Vietnam.

La troisième secousse, propre à la France, est financière. Elle découle de la faillite de l’État, qui cumule une dette publique proche de 3 500 milliards d’euros, 180 milliards dus au titre des emprunts de l’Union européenne et 12.300 milliards d’engagements de retraite. La crise financière retentit aussi sur les banques et les assurances ainsi que sur les entreprises cotées, qui subissent une forte décote liée au risque France, ce qui se traduira inéluctablement par des transferts de sièges sociaux et des délocalisations.

À long terme, le choc pétrolier, venant après le krach de 2008, la pandémie de Covid et la guerre d’Ukraine, met définitivement en faillite un modèle économique et social insoutenable. Fondé sur l’euthanasie de l’offre compétitive et du travail - la France ne fabrique plus que 36 % des biens manufacturés qu’elle consomme -, il leur substitue des importations à bas prix venues notamment de Chine, qui répondent aux besoins d’une population paupérisée dont les revenus dépendent entièrement des transferts sociaux (900 milliards d’euros), financés par une dette publique devenue insoutenable.

La menace de désintégration de l’économie française sous l’effet du triple choc fiscal, pétrolier et financier appellerait une réponse stratégique très puissante, engageant la réorientation de l’économie française vers la production et le travail, l’investissement et l’innovation. Le président de la République s’en désintéresse superbement en se consacrant tout entier à sa cérémonie des adieux diplomatique, privée de tout effet utile par l’anéantissement des moyens de puissance de la France. Le gouvernement de Sébastien Lecornu multiplie les mesures conjoncturelles minimalistes en l’absence de toute marge de manœuvre financière. Il réédite ainsi les erreurs des années 1970, contrairement à l’Allemagne qui a engagé une réforme profonde de son État-providence. Pour l’économie française, c’est l’accélération de la chute. Pour notre nation, c’est l’assurance du déclassement. Pour notre démocratie, c’est un coup fatal avec un formidable renfort apporté aux forces populistes dans la perspective de l’élection présidentielle de 2027.

Le Figaro : Bombshell in French hospitality: three luxury hotels lose their pala

Bombshell in French hospitality: three luxury hotels lose their palace status
For the first time since 2010, the commission responsible for awarding the prestigious distinction has stripped it from three hotels. Serge Papin, the minister in charge of tourism, will unveil the new "Collection Palace 2026" on 2 June.
A bombshell in the hushed world of palace hotels. The Palace Commission, which awards French hospitality's highest distinction, has stripped it from several establishments for the first time. Three in total, according to our information: all have been downgraded to the rank of five-star hotels, with commission members deeming that they no longer met the standards of excellence the selection demands.
In Paris, the affected hotels are the Park Hyatt Paris-Vendôme on rue de la Paix, and the Mandarin Oriental on rue Saint-Honoré. In Biarritz, the Hôtel du Palais, operated by the American group Hyatt, has also lost its title. They will not be part of "Collection Palace 2026," which Serge Papin, Minister of Tourism, will unveil on 2 June in the prestigious salons of the Hôtel Salomon de Rothschild in Paris. Contacted by Le Figaro, the ministry did not respond, nor did the Hyatt group.
Thierry Marx gone from the Mandarin Oriental kitchens
"For the Mandarin Oriental, which will close for more than a year for major renovation works, it isn't really a loss of distinction," qualifies someone close to the matter. "There was no point in maintaining it. The Hôtel du Palais suffered notably from having a portion of its rooms unrenovated. As for the Park Hyatt Paris-Vendôme, it hasn't reinvented itself enough." For the owners of these establishments, classified as palaces for years, it's a shock. The highly demanding clientele could be tempted to look elsewhere. Internally, part of the teams could decide to leave.
Based in Hong Kong, the Mandarin Oriental group set up on rue Saint-Honoré in 2010. The address had been distinguished as a palace since 2011, but it had aged. Too much to claim a place among the most beautiful hotels in France. In late 2023, chef Thierry Marx ended his collaboration with the hotel after 14 years heading its kitchens.
Thanks to the Lutetia, which it has operated since early 2025, Mandarin Oriental remains at the helm of a Parisian palace. But it will work to quickly recover its lost star on the right bank. "Our teams continue to welcome our guests with the same dedication and attention that characterizes the group worldwide," a spokesperson for the Mandarin Oriental Paris told Le Figaro this weekend. "We recently announced an ambitious transformation programme for the hotel, which will cover all the rooms and suites, bathrooms, common areas, the spa as well as the entire restaurant offering."
"A difficult sanction to live with, but it can be recovered"
"For these three hotels and their teams, it's a sanction that's difficult to live with, but it can be recovered," tempers a source close to the matter. They can indeed apply again for the distinction, and why not, regain it.
Created by the government in 2010, this official recognition requires meeting all the criteria of a five-star hotel, and more: a spa, valet service, a minimum number of suites, and that exceptional je-ne-sais-quoi, a highly subjective criterion (heritage, atmosphere, design, level of service…). At the end of 2024, there were 31 palaces in France (Plaza Athénée, George V, Cheval Blanc Courchevel, Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc, Les Airelles Gordes…). The list does not, however, include the Ritz in Paris, the legendary hotel no longer being a candidate for the distinction since it failed to obtain it in 2011.
The 2026 selection marks a turning point. The Palace Commission had not met since the end of Covid, to give hotels time to get back up and running. Made up of independent personalities, with Atout France serving as its general secretariat, the Ministry of Tourism officially awards the distinctions. Chaired by Pierre Ferchaud (former general manager of the Hôtel de Paris Saint-Tropez and the Bristol in Paris), it was entirely renewed on the occasion of a reform of the distinction at the end of 2024. A reform that meant tightening: the duration of attribution has gone from 5 to 3 years, in order to "reinforce the exceptional character of establishments holding it," according to Atout France, and contribute to driving the country's most beautiful hotels upmarket.
"Differentiating in an extremely competitive market"
Despite three unsuccessful candidates, six others have been renewed: Les Prés d'Eugénie in the Landes, Cheval Blanc Saint-Barth and Les Airelles Courchevel, Les Sources de Caudalie, Mandarin Oriental Lutetia Paris, and Shangri-La Paris. "The Palace distinction therefore remains an important marker," states Nicolas De Gols, general manager of the Shangri-La. "It reinforces the international positioning of an establishment and allows it to differentiate itself in an extremely competitive market. It has a direct impact on commercial attractiveness, partnerships with major luxury houses, and the ability to attract an ultra high-end clientele."
Newcomers will join them on 2 June. "A handful, in Paris and in the provinces," according to several sources close to the matter. In Paris, Cheval Blanc, Fouquet's and Bulgari are regularly cited; in Champillon in the Marne, the Hôtel Royal Champagne. "The Barrière group has massively invested to enhance the Hôtel Fouquet's with a total renovation of the lobby and spa, as well as to train our teams to the highest level," acknowledges Julien Gardin, general manager of the Hôtel Fouquet's Paris. The distinction must renew itself to remain attractive. But it must also take care to preserve the rarity of its selection, if it wants to remain a worldwide reference.

Le Figaro : Coup de massue dans l’hôtellerie française : trois grands hôtels de

Coup de massue dans l’hôtellerie française : trois grands hôtels de luxe perdent leur statut de palace

Pour la première fois depuis 2010, la commission chargée d’attribuer la prestigieuse distinction l’a retirée à trois hôtels. Serge Papin, ministre chargé du tourisme, révélera la nouvelle «Collection Palace 2026» le 2 juin.

Un coup de massue dans le monde feutré des palaces. La commission Palace, chargée d’attribuer la plus haute distinction de l’hôtellerie en France, l’a pour la première fois retiré à plusieurs établissements. Trois au total, selon nos informations : tous ont été rétrogradés au rang d’hôtels cinq étoiles, les membres de la commission jugeant qu’ils ne répondaient plus aux critères d’excellence qu’impose la sélection.

À Paris, il s’agit du Park Hyatt Paris-Vendôme, situé rue de la Paix, ainsi que du Mandarin Oriental, rue Saint-Honoré. À Biarritz, l’Hôtel du Palais, exploité par l’américain Hyatt, a lui aussi perdu son titre. Ils ne feront pas partie de « Collection Palace 2026», que Serge Papin, ministre du tourisme, dévoilera le 2 juin, dans les prestigieux salons de l’hôtel Salomon de Rothschild à Paris. Contacté par le Figaro, le ministère n’a pas répondu, pas plus que le groupe Hyatt.

Thierry Max parti des cuisines du Mandarin Oriental
«Pour le Mandarin Oriental, qui va fermer plus d’un an à cause de travaux d’envergure, ce n’est pas vraiment une perte de distinction, pondère un proche du dossier. Il n’y avait pas de sens à la maintenir. L’Hôtel du Palais souffrait notamment d’avoir une partie des chambres non rénovées. Quant au Park Hyatt Paris-Vendôme, il ne s’est pas assez renouvelé». Pour les propriétaires de ces établissements, classés palaces depuis des années, c’est l’électrochoc. La clientèle, très exigeante, pourrait être tentée d’aller voir ailleurs. En interne, une partie des équipes pourrait décider de partir.

Basé à Hong Kong, le groupe Mandarin Oriental s’était installé rue Saint-Honoré, en 2010. L’adresse était distinguée palace depuis 2011, mais elle avait vieilli. Trop pour prétendre faire partie des plus beaux hôtels de France. Fin 2023, le chef Thierry Marx avait mis fin à sa collaboration avec l’hôtel, après 14 ans à la direction des cuisines.

Grâce au Lutetia, qu’il exploite depuis début 2025, Mandarin Oriental reste à la tête d’un palace parisien. Mais il va s’employer à rapidement retrouver son étoile perdue rive droite. « Nos équipes continuent d’accueillir nos hôtes avec le même dévouement et la même attention qui caractérise le groupe, à travers le monde », a réagi ce week-end au Figaro un porte-parole du Mandarin Oriental Paris. Nous avons ainsi récemment annoncé un ambitieux programme de transformation pour l’hôtel, qui concernera l’ensemble des chambres et suites, des salles de bains, des espaces communs, du spa ainsi que de toute l’offre de restauration ».

«C’est une sanction difficile à vivre, mais c’est rattrapable»
«Pour ces trois hôtels et leurs équipes, c’est une sanction difficile à vivre, mais c’est rattrapable», tempère un proche du dossier. Ils pourront en effet à nouveau être candidats à la distinction, et pourquoi pas la récupérer.

Créée par le gouvernement en 2010, cette reconnaissance officielle exige de remplir tous les critères d’un cinq-étoiles, et plus encore: avoir un spa, un service de voiturier, un minimum de suites, et ce je-ne-sais-quoi d’exceptionnel, un critère très subjectif (patrimoine, atmosphère, design, niveau de service...). Fin 2024, il y avait 31 palaces en France (Plaza Athénée, George V, Cheval Blanc Courchevel, Hôtel du Cap-Eden-Roc, Les Airelles Gordes…). La liste n’intègre toutefois pas le Ritz à Paris, l’hôtel de légende n’étant plus candidat à la distinction depuis qu’il ne l’a pas obtenue en 2011.

La sélection 2026 marque un tournant. La commission Palace ne s’était pas réunie depuis la fin du Covid, le temps que les hôtels se remettent en route. Constituée de personnalités indépendantes, Atout France assure son secrétariat général, et le ministère du tourisme attribue officiellement les distinctions. Présidée par Pierre Ferchaud (ancien directeur général de l’Hôtel de Paris Saint-Tropez et du Bristol à Paris), elle a été entièrement renouvelée à l’occasion d’une réforme de la distinction fin 2024. Une réforme synonyme de durcissement: la durée d’attribution est passée de 5 à 3 ans, afin de «renforcer le caractère exceptionnel des établissements détenteurs», selon Atout France et contribuer à faire monter en gamme les plus beaux hôtels du pays.

«Se différencier dans un marché extrêmement concurrentiel»
Malgré trois candidats malheureux, six autres ont été renouvelés: Les prés d’Eugénie dans les Landes, Cheval Blanc Saint-Barth et Les Airelles Courchevel, Les Sources de Caudalie, Mandarin Oriental Lutetia Paris et Shangri-La Paris. «La distinction Palace reste donc un marqueur important, affirme Nicolas De Gols, directeur général du Shangri-La. Elle renforce le positionnement international d’un établissement et lui permet de se différencier dans un marché extrêmement concurrentiel. Elle a un impact direct sur l’attractivité commerciale, les partenariats avec de grandes maisons de luxe et la capacité à attirer une clientèle ultra haut de gamme».

De nouveaux venus les rejoindront le 2 juin. «Une poignée, à Paris et en province», selon plusieurs proches du dossier. À Paris, Cheval Blanc, Fouquet’s et Bulgari sont régulièrement cités; à Champillon dans la Marne, l’Hôtel Royal Champagne. «Le groupe Barrière a massivement investi pour sublimer l’Hôtel Fouquet’s avec une rénovation totale du lobby et du spa, ainsi que pour former nos équipes au plus haut niveau» , reconnaît Julien Gardin, directeur général de l’hôtel Fouquet’s Paris. La distinction se doit de se renouveler, pour rester attractive. Mais elle doit aussi veiller à préserver la rareté de sa sélection, si elle veut rester une référence au niveau mondial.

TechCrunch : For Eclipse, the $2.5B Cerebras win is just the start of realizing

For Eclipse, the $2.5B Cerebras win is just the start of realizing its physical-world thesis

When Lior Susan started Eclipse Ventures in 2015, the firm’s thesis of digitizing the physical world wasn’t particularly popular in Silicon Valley.

“It was the era of enterprise software and SaaS, and it felt fairly lonely the first couple of years,” Susan said on stage at a recent StrictlyVC event in San Francisco.

More than a decade later, Eclipse finds itself at the center of the tech world’s action. The firm’s $6.5 million Series A investment in Cerebras Systems in 2016 paved the way for a total return of $2.5 billion when the semiconductor company went public this week. The firm invested a total of $147 million in Cerebras over time, a bet that generated a 17-fold return at the IPO price of $185 per share, according to Eclipse.

For Susan, the windfall from Cerebras is only the beginning of reaping big rewards from a longstanding belief that because 85% of global GDP is tied to the physical world, investing in companies beyond pure software could be immensely lucrative.

Public markets and startup founders seem to be recognizing the value of physical-world tech now, too. Susan noted that shares of TSMC and Micron recently hit all-time highs, while a growing cohort of elite founders are eager to build startups at the intersection of hardware and software.

“I think people understand that the real moat in software is gone. You can vibe code pretty much whatever you want,” he said.

Susan echoed public market sentiment that earlier this year sent many SaaS stocks tumbling on the belief that enterprises may use Anthropic’s Claude Code or OpenAI’s latest models to create their own bespoke software tools instead.

“What you cannot do with ‘vibe code’ is manufacture wafers, because you need machines and silicon, and they need clean rooms, and a bunch of other things,” Susan said.

When it comes to the tech that touches the physical world, it’s not just semiconductors that are suddenly catching the attention of investors and founders.

Eclipse’s portfolio companies spanning sectors like robotics, energy and defense, raised nearly $15 billion from outside backers last year, and that late-stage momentum reached $4.5 billion in Q1 2026 alone, Susan said. That investor excitement stands in stark contrast to the firm's early track record: in its first eight years, its portfolio companies raised less than $4 billion in total.

Indeed, the recent follow-on rounds across Eclipse’s portfolio show a track record that any venture firm would envy. Driven by a string of massive late-stage deals this year, the haul includes $1.2 billion for Wayve, $650 million for True Anomaly, $270 million for Bedrock Robotics, and $200 million for Oxide Computer. What’s more, Eclipse was the Series A investor for all four companies.

At first glance, it may seem that investor enthusiasm for physical-world tech is driven purely by AI, whether as an infrastructure input like chips and data centers, or through AI’s power to finally make robotics viable. However, Susan argues that there are other powerful tailwinds driving the momentum.

Besides technology — in this case, AI — what’s important for this market to thrive is capital, customer demand, talent, and policy. Susan means that along with investors and engineers moving away from SaaS to sectors like robotics, semiconductors, space, and mining, the U.S. government is also encouraging these industries through subsidies and favorable regulation.

“This is the first time I believe in America ever, from Henry Ford and Carnegie, those five forces are aligned,” Susan said. “For builders like us, this is the best time to build those companies.”

The Information : Anthropic and OpenAI’s Share of AI Startup Revenues Rises to 8

Anthropic and OpenAI’s Share of AI Startup Revenues Rises to 89%

The Takeaway
  • Anthropic and OpenAI now generate 89% of top AI startup revenue.
  • Leading AI startups generate nearly $80 billion in annualized revenue.
  • AI startups face significant cash burn despite rapid revenue growth.


Anthropic and OpenAI are widening the revenue gap between themselves and the rest of the AI startup field.

A group of 34 leading startups in that sector, including Anthropic and OpenAI, is generating nearly $80 billion in annualized revenue, or $6.6 billion per month, from selling AI applications or access to the models that power such apps, according to The Information’s Generative AI Database. That’s up 112% from six months ago.

Anthropic and OpenAI are currently capturing about 89% of that figure, our analysis shows. That’s 4.5 percentage points higher than the share of sales the two companies had in the same group six months earlier.

The result could strengthen an argument some investors at firms like Sequoia Capital have made that the vast majority of software value in the current AI era will be generated by the top developers of advanced AI models rather than by developers of pure AI apps. That’s because almost all the application companies in our analysis depend in part or almost entirely on models from Anthropic and OpenAI.

The smaller startups’ reliance on Anthropic and OpenAI could be a problem because those two leaders have been developing new kinds of models or versions of their products targeting specific industries or white-collar work roles, putting themselves in direct competition with their startup customers. That could eventually make it harder for those startups to keep up their growth.

That dynamic could help explain the frenetic funding environment for so-called AI neolabs that are seeking to leapfrog Anthropic and OpenAI by developing new kinds of AI models.


The $80 billion annualized sales figure is remarkable, as few of the companies existed or generated revenue before 2023. Anthropic can claim about half that amount, as its revenue recently surpassed OpenAI’s on the strength of its AI for coding tasks and other white-collar work.

The revenue figures for the two AI leaders are somewhat inflated, however, given that each of them shares a material amount with business partners. Anthropic shares a portion of its revenue with cloud computing providers, namely Amazon and Google, that resell its models to their customers. And OpenAI must share 20% of its revenue with Microsoft, an early backer, through 2030. This year, that revenue share to Microsoft could be $6 billion.

The 32 AI model or application startups not named Anthropic or OpenAI may not be growing as fast as the leaders. But they aren’t far behind in that regard and continue to hit new revenue milestones, largely through sales of subscriptions and some usage-based fees.

Since December, three of those companies crossed $500 million in annualized sales, joining coding app Cursor in that club, according to our analysis. The three newbies are search firm Perplexity, voice AI provider ElevenLabs and coding app Cognition. (Our analysis doesn’t include infrastructure startups that rent out Nvidia AI servers.)

Double Counting

As with our past analyses of AI startup revenues, there’s some double counting going on. The four aforementioned startups that are generating more than $500 million in annualized sales, as well as the other companies on the list, likely collectively pay OpenAI and Anthropic billions of dollars a year for models to power their products.

Almost all of the companies’ products are powered by Nvidia servers, helping the chip designer generate the vast majority of profits so far in the AI boom. Nvidia has partly returned the favor, investing capital in at least 13 of the 34 companies on our list, including about $40 billion in OpenAI and Anthropic combined. The capital helps the companies keep renting Nvidia servers.

Our analysis doesn’t cover public companies that are also generating revenue from AI applications and selling models they developed themselves. Microsoft, for instance, has generated at least $6 billion in actual revenue from selling Copilot-branded apps, powered in part by OpenAI models that it uses for free.

Google sells a lot of Gemini AI models and Gemini-powered features in enterprise apps, and AI answers appear to be boosting its core search engine and by extension the search-advertising business.

A dozen major enterprise software firms such as Salesforce and ServiceNow are collectively on pace to generate billions of dollars a year selling AI-powered features and agents in their products. They’re also major customers of Anthropic and OpenAI, both for internal use and to power the products they sell. These AI buyers have been enduring recent price hikes from Anthropic.

Despite their fast-growing revenue, the AI startups are burning huge amounts of cash—likely more than $30 billion on an annual basis from Anthropic and OpenAI alone, in large part due to AI model-training costs. While some of the startups on our list have at times operated profitably, most are not.

For instance, Cursor’s gross margin was negative 23% as of the quarter ended in January, which was unusual for a startup generating such high revenue. The company’s gross margin has since turned positive, but the results show the challenge of relying on OpenAI and Anthropic technology, especially as Anthropic raises prices.

WSJ : Drone Strike Sparks Fire Near U.A.E. Nuclear Plant

Drone Strike Sparks Fire Near U.A.E. Nuclear Plant
The Gulf state didn’t say who launched the attack, which highlighted the risks of the war with Iran

  • A drone strike caused a fire near the United Arab Emirates’ Barakah Nuclear Power Plant, with radiation levels remaining normal.
  • The International Atomic Energy Agency expressed grave concern about the incident and called for military restraint.
  • The attack occurred amid President Trump’s threats of military action against Iran if a peace deal is not reached.

A drone strike set off a fire near the United Arab Emirates’ nuclear-power station, authorities in the Persian Gulf state said, a sign of the growing risks as the Iran war drags on.

The U.A.E. didn’t say who launched the drone but said the strike caused a fire at an electrical generator outside the inner perimeter of the Barakah Nuclear Power Plant about 175 miles west of the capital, Abu Dhabi.

Radiation levels were normal, and the nuclear station—where four reactors supply 25% of the Emirates’ power needs—continued to operate, the Abu Dhabi media office said. The United Nations’ nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency, said one of the reactors was on emergency diesel-generator power following the strike.

The agency’s director, Rafael Grossi, expressed grave concern about the incident and called for maximum military restraint around nuclear plants.

The attack comes amid fresh threats by President Trump to take military action if Iran doesn’t agree to a peace deal.

Diplomats continue to work on a deal, with Iranian media saying Tehran had recently received a new U.S. proposal for ending the conflict and had given its reaction to Pakistan, a key mediator in the conflict. There was no immediate response from the White House on the Iranian media reports.

The two sides are far apart on issues like Iran’s nuclear program and the extent to which it should have any control over the Strait of Hormuz. Trump said a week ago that Iran’s previous response had been “totally unacceptable.”

Iranian state media listed the nuclear plant among Iran’s targets for retaliation after Trump threatened in late March to obliterate the country’s power plants starting with the biggest one if Tehran didn’t lift its chokehold on the strait.

Trump hasn’t carried out the threat, and Iran continues to bottle up the strategic waterway. Iran, however, has continued to target the U.A.E. and has sharpened its threats after the Gulf state said it would strengthen its security ties with the U.S. and Israel to counter the threat from Iran.

The U.S. and Israel carried out widespread strikes on Iranian nuclear sites since last June, including in this year’s fighting, although none of them caused any kind of radioactive fallout. The strikes included attacks very close to Iran’s Bushehr nuclear reactor.

Iran, backed by Russia, has repeatedly called for international condemnation of strikes on nuclear facilities.

The U.A.E. has carried out military strikes on Iran since early in the war, hitting targets including a crude-oil refinery on Lavan Island in early April, in coordination with the U.S. and Israel, The Wall Street Journal reported earlier.

The Barakah plant was built under a 2009 agreement with the U.S. that allowed the transfer of peaceful nuclear technology in exchange for U.A.E. agreements to allow inspections and import its fuel rather than enrich or reprocess uranium domestically.