WSJ : Cement Mega-Firms Approve Merger, But It's Far From Set

Cement Mega-Firms Approve Merger, But It's Far From Set
European Cement Giants Lafarge, Holcim Envision Merger of Equals, But They Face Antitrust Hurdles

The boards of France's Lafarge SA and Switzerland's Holcim Ltd. have approved plans for a $50 billion merger that will create the world's largest construction materials company, said a person familiar with the matter.

The boards of both companies met separately on Saturday to discuss the merger and authorized it, the person said. Top Holcim executives are due in Paris on Monday when the merger is likely to be officially unveiled.

The planned tie-up could face lofty antitrust hurdles, as both Lafarge and Holcim are leading players in many markets around the world. The companies are prepared to sell assets to secure regulatory approval, said the person familiar with the matter.

If the deal is completed, the new company will be based in Switzerland and led by Lafarge Chief Executive Bruno Lafont, said the person. The company would have operating headquarters in Paris and in Switzerland.

The merger will be carried out through a Holcim public offer for Lafarge shares to be paid entirely in stock. Lafarge shareholders will be offered to swap each share they hold for a Holcim share.

All Lafarge board members approved the deal, the person said, including representatives of Belgian investment holding Groupe Bruxelles Lambert, which owns 21% in the company, and Nassef Sawiris, who represents Egypt's Sawiris family, which owns 13% in Lafarge.

Lafarge and Holcim said on Friday that they "believe that given the strong complementarity of their portfolio and the cultural proximity between the two companies, there is rationale in considering a potential merger that could deliver significant benefits to customers, employees and shareholders."

Holcim and Lafarge, the top two global cement makers, have battled both overcapacity and sluggish growth in European construction, which hasn't recovered from the debt crisis and the collapse of the Spanish housing market. They are also facing slowing building activity in some developing countries, where they have invested heavily.

By sharing facilities, the companies will be able to better coordinate production and shore up profit margins. A merger would also allow the combined company to accelerate their cost-cutting schemes, boosting profitability.

The European Commission, the European Union's executive arm and antitrust watchdog, is likely to give the deal a thorough review because of their overlapping market share, antitrust lawyers say.

The merged company would have combined sales of about $42 billion, dwarfing rivals including Germany's HeidelbergCement AG with sales of about $18 billion and Mexico's Cemex SAB with sales of about $15.2 billion.

WSJ : Sanpower Group Buys 89% of U.K.'s House of Fraser

Sanpower Group Buys 89% of U.K.'s House of Fraser

Formal Announcement of Deal is Imminent

LONDON—China's Sanpower Group Ltd. has agreed to buy House of Fraser, the 165-year-old British department-store chain, in a deal valuing the company at around £450 million ($746 million), according to a person familiar with the deal.

Sanpower, which is controlled by the multimillionaire entrepreneur Yuan Yafei, will buy an 89% stake in House of Fraser, the person said, adding that the terms of the deal had been agreed and a formal announcement was "imminent."

The deal puts an end to speculation surrounding closely held House of Fraser's future, after it searched for a buyer for more than two years.

During that time the retailer, which has 61 U.K. stores, has considered a flotation on the London Stock Exchange LSE.LN +0.30% and has held talks with various potential buyers, including France's Galeries Lafayette SA and Mike Ashley, the British sportswear billionaire who controls Sports Direct International SPD.LN +0.66% PLC.

Reports in the U.K. Sunday said Mr. Ashley had purchased the remaining 11% in House of Fraser for around £50 million. A spokeswoman for House of Fraser and a spokesman for Mr. Ashley didn't respond to requests for comment.

Sanpower owns the Nanjing Xinjiekou department store, one of China's oldest, as well as a number of retail companies listed in Shanghai. The House of Fraser deal is Sanpower's first investment in the U.K. retail sector.

Mr. Yuan, a former government official, founded the group in 1993 to invest in China's growing service industry, according to the company's website. Sanpower owned assets worth 50 billion yuan ($8 billion) at the end of 2012.

A spokesman for Sanpower didn't respond to requests for comment on the deal.

From its start in Glasgow in 1849, House of Fraser has grown to be an upmarket staple of British high streets. The company has annual sales of £1.2 billion and employs 7,300 people.

By agreeing to sell to Sanpower, House of Fraser becomes the latest high-profile British brand to be bought by a Chinese company. In 2012, Bright Food Group Co. bought Weetabix, "Britain's favorite breakfast cereal," for £1.2 billion, while Gieves & Hawkes PLC, the Savile Row tailor, was recently purchased by Chinese clothing company Trinity Ltd. 0891.HK 0.00%

Even London's taxis are now produced by a Chinese company. In 2012, Manganese Bronze Holdings, maker of the black London cab, was bought by Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co. for £11 million.

(BFW) Altice Says It Welcomes Vivendi’s Decision on SFR


Altice Says It Welcomes Vivendi’s Decision on SFR
2014-04-06 14:37:01.937 GMT


By Gregory Viscusi
     April 6 (Bloomberg) -- Altice will hold press conference
tomorrow in Paris after Vivendi yday said it accepted its offer
for SFR mobile phone unit.
  * SFR-Numericable group to be headquartered in France, listed
    on Paris stock exchange, company says in statement
  * Altice said it’s taken on “formal engagements” to
    guarantee employment levels at combined group
  * NOTE: Vivendi agrees to sell SFR to Altice in $23B deal

Link to Company News:ATC NA <Equity> CN <GO>
Link to Company News:EN FP <Equity> CN <GO>
Link to Company News:NUM FP <Equity> CN <GO>
Link to Company News:VIV FP <Equity> CN <GO>

For Related News and Information:
First Word scrolling panel: FIRST<GO>
First Word newswire: NH BFW<GO>

To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Gregory Viscusi at +33-1-5365-5068 or
gviscusi@bloomberg.net

(BN) Holcim With Lafarge Said to Maintain Listings in Merger (1)


Holcim With Lafarge Said to Maintain Listings in Merger (1)
2014-04-06 13:13:48.132 GMT


     (Adds Lafont appointment in third paragraph.)

By Matthew Campbell, Francois de Beaupuy and Aaron Kirchfeld
     April 6 (Bloomberg) -- Holcim Ltd. and Lafarge SA, in talks
to create the world’s biggest cement maker to cut production
overcapacity and energy costs, plan to retain dual Swiss and
French stock-market listings and headquarters, according to
people familiar with the matter.
     An all-share merger, creating a company with $40 billion in
sales, will likely be announced as early as tomorrow, the people
said, asking not to be identified because discussions are
private. The companies are exploring a merger of equals that
would build on their “strengths and identities,” Jona,
Switzerland-based Holcim and Paris-based Lafarge said April 4
after Bloomberg News reported the discussions.
     Lafarge Chief Executive Officer Bruno Lafont will probably
be named to lead the combined company, the people said.
     A deal would let the two producers cut costs by combining
operations as some of the industry’s kilns run at a loss after
the recent global recession eroded demand. To improve returns
from plants with high energy consumption, Holcim in August
agreed to swap assets in Germany and the Czech Republic with
Monterrey, Mexico-based Cemex SAB, the biggest cement maker in
the Americas.
     Lafarge on Friday rose 8.9 percent in Paris, giving the
company a market value of 18.4 billion euros ($25.2 billion)
while Holcim gained 6.9 percent in Zurich, valuing the firm at
26.2 billion Swiss francs ($29.4 billion) after they confirmed
talks. Representatives for Lafarge and Holcim declined to
comment on any details of the merger beyond the company
statements.
     “There is still massive oversupply in the industry,” Ian
Osburn, an analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald, said in an interview. A
deal would help Holcim and Lafarge to “cut a lot of costs and
dominate a few more markets.”

                       Regulatory Scrutiny

     An acquisition spree before the financial crisis, including
Lafarge’s 10.2 billion-euro purchase of Orascom Cement in 2008
and Holcim’s $4.1 billion deal for Aggregate Industries in 2005,
widened the dominance of both companies.
     A transaction may face scrutiny from regulators in markets
around the world, and Osburn said the companies would need to
sell assets in Europe and the U.S. The deal would face reviews
in Europe, especially in France, as well as in Spain and
Germany, he said, while regulators in Russia, Hungary and the
Czech Republic may also examine the transaction.
     Lafarge estimates in its 2013 annual report that last year
it had a cement market share of 34 percent in France, 40 percent
in the U.K. and 10 percent in Germany and Spain. It had a market
share of 12 percent in the U.S. and 7 percent in Russia. Holcim
didn’t provide market shares for individual markets.
     Holcim now employs 71,000 people in about 70 countries
while Lafarge has about 65,000 workers in 64 markets.

                            Cost Cuts

     News of the discussions on Friday lifted construction and
materials shares in Europe, helping the Stoxx Europe 600 Index
rise to a six-year high. Germany’s HeidelbergCement AG, the
world’s third-largest maker of cement, rose 4.3 percent in
Frankfurt.
     Holcim CEO Bernard Fontana became the first outsider to
lead Holcim when he joined the 102-year-old Swiss company in
February 2012. Drawing on his past experience of overhauling
steelmaker Aperam, the French national has embarked on a similar
cost-cutting program, using the same “Leadership Journey”
label he employed in his prior post.
     At 181-year-old Lafarge, Lafont has been slashing spending,
pushing sales of higher-margin services and selling assets to
repair a credit rating that has fallen one level below
investment grade amid a slump in European construction and
rising energy prices.

                          Improving Demand

     Lafarge’s 750 million-euro 4.75 percent notes rose as much
as 3 percent to 111 cents on the euro, based on data compiled by
Bloomberg. Moody’s Investors Service rates Lafarge Ba1 and
Holcim two levels higher at Baa2.
     At least four billionaires own shares in Holcim or Lafarge,
including Egypt’s richest person, Nassef Sawiris, Belgium’s
Albert Frere, Switzerland’s fourth-richest individual, Thomas
Schmidheiny, and Georgia-born Filaret Galchev, according to data
compiled by Bloomberg.
     Both companies said earlier this year that demand for their
offerings is improving amid a global economic recovery. Holcim
in February forecast improved cement shipments this year. The
same month, Lafarge reported earnings that beat analyst
estimates and also predicted rising demand.
     “This is traditionally the time when you’d see M&A in
these sectors in upswings, when profits and margins are
improving,” Cantor Fitzgerald’s Osburn said.

For Related News and Information:
Holcim Turns Toxic Dolls Into Cement as Waste Boosts Profit
NSN MTKKFS6JIJZQ <GO>
Holcim balance sheet: HOLN VX <Equity> FA BS CHART <GO>
Top Stories: TOP<GO>

--With assistance from Manus Cranny and Andrew Noel in London,
Jacqueline Simmons in Paris and Jeffrey McCracken in New York. 

To contact the reporters on this story:
Matthew Campbell in London at +44-20-3525-8684 or
mcampbell39@bloomberg.net;
Francois de Beaupuy in Paris at +33-1-5365-5051 or
fdebeaupuy@bloomberg.net;
Aaron Kirchfeld in London at +44-20-3525-8830 or
akirchfeld@bloomberg.net
To contact the editors responsible for this story:
Simon Thiel at +44-20-7673-2814 or
sthiel1@bloomberg.net
Aaron Kirchfeld

FT : Fund managers coached like Olympians

Fund managers coached like Olympians

The star cycling coach who steered Britain to victory at the 2012 London Olympics has been enlisted by the world’s second-biggest hedge fund company to help enhance investment performance.
Shane Sutton, who trained Tour de France winner Sir Bradley Wiggins and Olympic gold medallist Sir Chris Hoy, has joined forces with investment consultancy Inalytics to offer motivational advice to its fund management clients.

Inalytics, which is known for its statistical analysis, has developed a training academy with Mr Sutton in the hope of providing fund managers “with the same mentality as athletes so they cope better with pressure and endurance”.
GLG, a division of Man Group, is the first fund company to sign up to the Trading Peaks academy. Man Group also recently signed up to a new software program that aims to create the perfect environment to help individual fund managers produce their best trades.
Mr Sutton is confident that the methods perfected by British Cycling will help fund managers to change entrenched patterns of behaviour.
“We work in a system that collates data and outputs on a daily basis,” he said. “Everything we produce is based on evidence – the numbers don’t lie – and that way you can’t fail.”
Although at first glance cycling and fund management do not seem particularly alike, Mr Sutton believes they are “near enough identical”.
There is doubt, however, about how effective the academy will be in the long term.
Amin Rajan, chief executive of fund consultancy Create Research, said: “These motivational speakers create a momentary glow, but it’s business as usual when people return to their desks. These sessions tackle the symptom but not the cause of demotivation at today’s workplace.”
Rick di Mascio, founder and chief executive of Inalytics, said: “The world of sport is 20 years ahead in terms of coaching techniques and use of data.”

FT : China funds suffer strong outflows

China funds suffer strong outflows

Investors pulled $1bn from China-focused funds in the first two months of the year as fears about the country’s slowing economy continued to affect investor appetite.
The withdrawals from Chinese equity funds in the US and Europe follow net redemptions of $5.4bn, $1.8bn and $5.1bn respectively in the three preceding years, according to figures from Morningstar, the data provider.

Haiyan Li-Labbé, China analyst at French fund house Carmignac, said that concerns about China are unlikely to ease given the slowdown in Chinese property sales.
She added: “The [government’s] anti-corruption drive is impacting not only consumption but also fixed asset investment. I don’t expect a strong pick-up of investor appetite for China funds this year.”
Diana Mackay, chief executive of asset management research group MackayWilliams, said a lot of money poured in to China funds after the financial crisis when “investors were desperately searching for markets that were uncorrelated”.
“When concerns started to build about the sustainability of [Chinese] GDP growth, there was a lot of investment to come out,” she said.
Fresh concerns have been raised about the Chinese economy this year after the country experienced its first corporate bond default in March, on top of weaker than expected industrial production and exports.
Mark Konyn, chief executive of Hong Kong-based Cathay Conning Asset Management, said: “Investor sentiment [towards China] is at rock bottom despite efforts by the mainland government to provide greater access to the onshore market.”
“Recently announced stimulus measures on their own are unlikely to prove the catalyst for international flows to return.”

>>> Barron's Summary: Positive on DELB.BE, DBS.SG, HPQ, NDAQ, BE

Barron's Summary: Positive on DELB.BE, DBS.SG, HPQ, NDAQ, BEAV, BBRG, Cautious on BRCM, Emerging markets and Sugar prices

- Cover Story: Discusses the evolution of indexing that has moved more towards attempts to beat the market as opposed to a low cost tracking of underlying performance by sector. As a result, many of the new 'indexes' may appear to beat the market, but have yet to be tested over full economic cycles. 

- Tech trader: Cautious on BRCM as its large R&D spending recently has barely made a dent in the markets it sought to dominate. Highlights QCOM still dominates the space BRCM was attempting to enter. Overall positive on chip stocks as valuations are reasonable despite appreciation of 8%. 

- Emerging Markets: Interview with a CIO of unit at Harris Associates calls emerging markets overvalued despite recent selloff. Feels prices are too high despite the fact he is a medium to long term bull on the space. 

- Features: 
1) Positive on HPQ for its reasonable valuation despite strong appreciation in the last year. Highlights cost controls and recent restructuring together with better customer experiences and higher employee morale. 
2) Positive on BEAV as a benefactor of a stronger airline industry. Sees potential for shares to further appreciate over the coming year despite its recent rise of 50% in the last 12 months. Streetwise: Positive on NDAQ despite the worries raised by Michael Lewis' new book on high frequency trading. Despite a potential hit to revenue from a regulator crackdown, company likely could increase profit margins elsewhere along with furthering the diversification of its business units. Smallcaps: Positive on BBRG on valuation vs peers in light of weak performance following harsh winter hit zones. Sees likelihood of a same store sales rebound as harsh winter abates. 

- DC Current: Cautions on holding stocks during the coming mid term election cycle. History suggests the market will suffer from May onwards as a result of likely political turbulence. - CEO Spotlight: CEO of Viacom Dauman. Piece lauds his academic and intellectual prowess, becoming useful in high stakes negotiations crucial to the ongoing success of the company in furthering its strength in the TV market. 

- Barrons: Discusses study that finds entering 'unloved' market areas could allow for market outperformance over 3 year time horizon. Investors should consider purchasing Gold, commodities and high quality large company funds as they underperformed in 2013. 

- International Trader: Positive on Delhaize given the trajectory of the restructuring plan and strong balance sheet. Valuation is below that of peers and it has the potential to be debt free by the end of 2015. 

- Asia trader: Positive on DBS Group along with Singapore banking in general. Other large Singapore bank shares could weigh heavily following recent acquisitions but DBS is better poised to succeed as it is the best positioned to benefit from a rising interest rate environment. 

- Commodities Corner: Sees potential for sugar prices to decline following a strong run up in prices on earlier concerns in Brazil. Sees likelihood that rains will help minimize any further damage to the crop.

(Le Temps) Interview of NEstle CEO Mr Brabeck

Le Temps

The President of Vevey group details the changes that Minder Initiative called excessive pay will mean for his group. In addition, Peter Brabeck announced his departure from the group in 2017 , after nearly 60 years service

Swiss companies are adapting - willy-nilly - the Minder initiative on unfair pay, one year after its acceptance by the people. Sometimes substantial changes in their statutes. Peter Brabeck , Chairman of Nestlé details for Time measures the multinational propose to its shareholders at its general meeting next Thursday (April 10) in Lausanne. The strong man of the group , however, Vevey not know the new system very long. He will retire from the Presidency and Nestlé in 2017, after a career of nearly 50 years in the world's leading power .

Time : The Minder initiative that against mass immigration , 1:12 , and now the minimum wage. Do you think that the framework conditions deteriorate in Switzerland?

Peter Brabeck : That is correct. The situation is somewhat complicated , especially for a group like ours . All decisions taken in recent months have also created uncertainty for the entire Swiss economy.

- It should simply adapt ...

- Adaptation is one aspect only. This increasing variability is however not favorable for the country. Recall that two elements are important - if not essential - in the framework conditions for business : transparency and legal certainty. These two pillars have recently péjorés . To our great regret.

- Many observers felt that the consequences of text Minder would be detrimental to Switzerland. It seems that these fears are exaggerated. Your opinion ?

- The Minder initiative had predictable consequences and others less . For the former, they are - in my opinion - manageable. However, they have two unfavorable consequences. First, the introduction of a compliance mentality . That is to say, compliance in all directions, which takes a lot of time and energy . As ever, the board must address the legal and regulatory aspects .

- A new task , so ...

- So much so that it became our first constraint. Previously, the dominant and primary concern of the Board was to ensure the competitiveness of the company , to ensure that the group had the right strategy , the best possible management, etc. . These elements now take second place . This is not going in the right direction. Our only priority should be to ensure long- term success and sustainability of Nestlé. But this is no longer the case since Minder.

- You have less time to focus on strategic issues?

- It is a reality , unfortunately.

- And the undesirable aspects of Minder ?

- The initiative introduces a de facto short-term approach . This goes against all principles and guidelines . With a board of directors elected annually now individually , its members will make every effort to win re-election. It is human.

- Does this mean that their behavior is influenced by this kind of sword of Damocles ?

- This has an impact on their behavior and even in their judgments. The effects are felt even in their decisions. Whether those on strategic issues , investments, or those related to research and development. All introduced a short termist mentality , absolutely not conducive . I think the success of Nestlé relies instead on his approach to long or very long term. 150 years we will celebrate in 2016 attest.

- Other indirect effect of Minder initiative , the center of gravity of power within a company like yours has changed ...

- It is indeed an unintended originally accordingly. In the past, power was concentrated in the board , usually Swiss majority. Today, the decision weight of the General Assembly has become more important and is , in fact, in foreign hands , since two thirds of our shares are held by foreigners. Result: Nestlé , the decision weight is no longer fully Swiss . And this will have consequences for the group.

- What about the chair?

- The Board of Directors can not impeach the president because it is elected by the general meeting. Their status , so mine has strengthened but I have , as a corollary , to ensure all year round intensive relations with shareholders , even more than before .

- Do you therefore more political electioneering ?

- Yes. I visit all the shareholders of weight , whether in Beijing , Shanghai, Hong Kong, London or New York. They are the ones who will vote ...

- What implications to Switzerland ...

- Indeed . As a concrete example . So far, all the Nespresso capsules were manufactured here . Why ? Because the board has always encouraged its Swiss roots, even for production centers. But now , shareholders abroad ask me why we do not produce these pods in China to market the Middle Kingdom or the United States for U.S. consumers . That meet them? In the future , it will become more difficult to convince them, to make them understand that as a Swiss company we want to concentrate production in our country. I now have increased responsibilities vis- à-vis foreign shareholders. Which raise questions with answers not necessarily favorable to Switzerland. This was certainly not the goal sought by Mr. Minder, to my knowledge. However , the result is that the text weakens the country and reduces its influence in favor of the foreigner.

- Shareholders are they also worried about your competitiveness?

- Absolutely. They want to know if the competitiveness of the company in terms of wages can be maintained on this initiative . This issue is also recurrent . Our response to this was, we believe so. But everything will depend on whether our new system of remuneration is approved by our shareholders at the general meeting on Thursday. It will be very important for our future , if not vital.

- Exactly what will you introduce such changes in order to put you in accordance with the order against the so-called excessive pay ?

- We need to review our statutes. We'll even do one year in advance of the legal requirements , if shareholders accept . Goal: to create legal certainty that our society needs and maintain our commitment to play a pioneering role in the good practices of corporate governance.

 
 
- Specifically, what about wages, the key point of the file ?

- We want to set maximum prospective earnings , decided annually in the form of an overall package . They therefore cover the fees for the current year . We propose to the General Assembly next week it approves actually two wage ceiling amounts and binding. An upper limit for both the Board of Directors for the branch. The advantage ? Shareholders know in advance the level of remuneration.

- And in the detail ?

- The wages of non-executive members of the Board is limited to a fixed fee. Regarding management, the proposed package includes the fixed share of wages and bonuses in the short and long term. In general, we believe it is crucial that Nestlé may report in advance to the members of the management group that has the ability to pay, according to their contract of employment and that their fixed remuneration may, provided that the performance criteria are met, the reward by means of a variable remuneration.

- Can you exceed this envelope?

- Absolutely not. This is a maximum . This amount will generally be higher than the actual amount paid , because it must cover not only the actual payment, but also the potential payments. Furthermore, in theory , the maximum bonus is set at 130 % of salary. However, in practice, never or very rarely reached this value. Therefore , the amount available is never fully utilized.

- What if shareholders refuse ?

- We will then convene a new meeting , whether ordinary or extraordinary . But I hope that does not happen. Nestlé shareholders are reasonable and sensible people.

- If the following year , shareholders oppose the precise allocation of these payments , even if the vote is only advisory ?

- This would be problematic. Because at the same time will be the binding vote on the budget of the following year. If shareholders refuse post details of wages paid the previous year , it is unlikely that they accept the amount that is submitted to them for the year. Finally, shareholders can therefore vote three times earnings. This is a totally transparent system.

- You also have available an additional allocation of 40 % allocable to new officers arrived during the year . Why ?

- The situation of a company can change dramatically all in one year. If by chance I needed a new CEO or a new member of management , and we have reservations.

- Why the variable part is it integrated into the overall sum ?

- Again, a lot can change from one year to another. Which for example could have predicted the crisis of 2008-09 ? Between 31 December of a financial year and the General Assembly four or five months later, it is possible that the economic situation has completely changed. Therefore , shareholders may vote differently in the space of a few months. The fact is that when performance is at the rendezvous , I have to pay my staff as I promised.

- What will be the amount of the maximum envelope for the management and the Board in 2016, the prospective sum after the entry into force of the new system?

- I know. But it will be about 10-15 % higher than the previous year, since it is a maximum .

- Where is the limit of the number of directorships is ?

- A member of the Board of Directors may not serve more than four additional mandates in listed companies and five additional mandates in unlisted companies . Limitation for members of group management is two additional mandates in listed companies and four additional terms in unlisted companies . In addition, each of these terms is subject to approval by the Board of Directors.

- In the end, Minder will he a real downward impact on the level of your earnings , one of his goals eventually ?

- Not necessarily . Wage policy of a company is highly dependent on its competitiveness and positioning. If I do not have the right to pay by pay corresponding to market conditions, so I will just do it elsewhere. As a global group, the world , I have to stay attractive and to attract talent .

- You think that the wage policy of Nestlé is rather modest. Maybe, but do you have any examples?

- Often when I went to look for talent outside of the company, they agreed to significant pay cuts to join us. The salary is certainly not all, but take a cut has its limits.


>>> Le Temps - Interview CEO of Nestle

Le président du groupe veveysan détaille les changements que l’initiative Minder sur les rémunérations dites abusives va impliquer pour son groupe. Par ailleurs, Peter Brabeck annonce son départ du groupe pour 2017, après près de 60 ans à son service

Les entreprises suisses s’adaptent – bon gré mal gré – à l’initiative Minder sur les rémunérations abusives, une année après son acceptation par le peuple. Avec parfois des changements conséquents dans leurs statuts. Peter Brabeck, président de Nestlé, détaille pour Le Temps les mesures que la multinationale proposera à ses actionnaires lors de son assemblée générale jeudi prochain (10 avril) à Lausanne. L’homme fort du groupe veveysan ne connaîtra toutefois pas le nouveau régime très longtemps. Il se retirera de la présidence et de Nestlé en 2017, après une carrière de près de 50 ans au sein du leader mondial de l’alimentation.

Le Temps: L’initiative Minder, celle contre l’immigration de masse, 1:12, et maintenant le salaire minimum. Pensez-vous que les conditions-cadres se dégradent en Suisse?

Peter Brabeck: C’est juste. La situation se complique quelque peu, notamment pour un groupe comme le nôtre. Toutes les décisions prises ces derniers mois ont d’ailleurs engendré de l’incertitude pour l’ensemble de la place économique suisse.

– Il convient simplement de s’adapter…

– S’adapter est l’un des aspects seulement. Cette variabilité grandissante n’est cependant pas favorable pour le pays. Rappelons que deux éléments sont importants – pour ne pas dire primordiaux – au niveau des conditions-cadres pour une entreprise: la transparence et la sécurité juridique. Ces deux piliers se sont péjorés dernièrement. A notre grand regret.

– Beaucoup d’observateurs ont estimé que les conséquences du texte Minder seraient préjudiciables pour la Suisse. Or il semble que ces craintes soient exagérées. Votre avis?

– L’initiative Minder avait des conséquences prévisibles et d’autres nettement moins. Pour les premières, elles sont – à mon avis – gérables. Elles ont toutefois deux conséquences peu propices. D’abord, l’introduction d’une mentalité de compliance. C’est-à-dire de mise en conformité tous azimuts, qui prend énormément de temps et d’énergie. Comme jamais, le conseil d’administration doit s’atteler aux aspects légaux et réglementaires.

– Une nouvelle tâche, donc…

– A tel point que c’est devenu notre toute première contrainte. Auparavant, la préoccupation dominante et primordiale du conseil était de garantir la compétitivité de l’entreprise, de s’assurer que le groupe avait la stratégie adéquate, le meilleur management possible, etc. Ces éléments passent désormais au second plan. Cela ne va pas dans la bonne direction. Notre seule priorité devrait être d’assurer à long terme le succès et la pérennité de Nestlé. Or ce n’est plus le cas depuis Minder.

– Vous avez donc moins de temps à consacrer aux aspects stratégiques?

– C’est une réalité, malheureusement.

– Et les aspects indésirables de Minder?

– L’initiative introduit de facto une approche à court terme. Ce qui va à l’encontre de tous nos principes et orientations. Avec un conseil d’administration désormais élu individuellement chaque année, ses membres vont tout mettre en œuvre pour décrocher un nouveau mandat. C’est humain.

– Est-ce à dire que leur comportement est influencé par cette sorte d’épée de Damoclès?

– Cela a un impact dans leurs agissements et même dans leurs jugements. Les effets se font ressentir jusque dans leurs prises de décisions. Que ce soient celles concernant les aspects stratégiques, les investissements, ou cel­les liées à la recherche et au développement. Le tout introduit une mentalité court-termiste, absolument pas propice. Selon moi, le succès de Nestlé repose au contraire sur son approche à long, voire très long terme. Les 150 ans que nous célébrerons en 2016 l’attestent.

– Autre effet indirect de l’initiative Minder, le centre de gravité du pouvoir au sein d’une entreprise comme la vôtre a changé…

– C’est en effet une conséquence non voulue à l’origine. Par le passé, le pouvoir était concentré au sein du conseil d’administration, généralement en majorité suisse. Aujourd’hui, le poids décisionnel de l’assemblée générale est devenu plus important, et elle est, de fait, en mains étrangères, puisque deux tiers de nos actions sont détenues par des étrangers. Résultat: chez Nestlé, le poids décisionnel n’est plus pleinement suisse. Et cela aura des conséquences pour le groupe.

– Qu’en est-il de la présidence?

– Le conseil d’administration ne peut plus destituer le président puisqu’il est élu par l’assemblée générale. Son statut, donc le mien, s’est renforcé mais je dois, en corollaire, assurer tout au long de l’année des relations intensives avec les actionnaires, encore plus qu’auparavant.

– Faites-vous dès lors plus de politique, d’électoralisme?

– Oui. Je rends visite à tous les actionnaires de poids, que ce soit à Pékin, Shanghai, Hongkong, Londres ou New York. Ce sont eux qui vont voter…

– Ce qui a des incidences jusqu’en Suisse…

– En effet. Prenons un exemple concret. Jusqu’à présent, toutes les capsules Nespresso étaient fabriquées ici. Pourquoi? Parce que le conseil d’administration a toujours favorisé son ancrage suisse, même pour les centres de production. Or, maintenant, les actionnaires à l’étranger me demandent pourquoi nous ne produisons pas ces dosettes en Chine pour le marché de l’Empire du Milieu ou aux Etats-Unis pour les consommateurs américains. Que leur répondre? A l’avenir, cela deviendra plus compliqué de les convaincre, de leur faire comprendre qu’en tant qu’entreprise suisse nous souhaitons privilégier la production dans notre pays. J’ai désormais des responsabilités accrues vis-à-vis des actionnaires étrangers. Lesquels posent des questions, avec des réponses pas forcément favorables à la Suisse. Ce n’était certes pas le but recherché par Monsieur Minder, à ma connaissance. Toutefois, le résultat est que son texte fragilise le pays et diminue son influence en faveur de l’étranger.

– Les actionnaires sont-ils également inquiets pour votre compétitivité?

– Tout à fait. Ils veulent savoir si la compétitivité de l’entreprise en termes de salaires peut être préservée suite à cette initiative. Cette question est d’ailleurs récurrente. Notre réponse jusqu’à présent était: nous croyons que oui. Mais tout dépendra de si notre nouveau système de rémunération est approuvé par nos actionnaires lors de l’assemblée générale de ce jeudi. Ce sera très important pour notre avenir, pour ne pas dire vital.

– Justement, qu’allez-vous introduire comme changements afin de vous mettre en conformité avec l’ordonnance contre les rémunérations dites abusives?

– Il nous faut réviser nos statuts. Nous allons même le faire une année en avance par rapport aux exigences légales, si les actionnaires les acceptent. Objectif: créer la sécurité juridique dont notre société a besoin et tenir notre engagement à jouer un rôle précurseur en matière de bonnes pratiques de gouvernance d’entreprise.

– Concrètement, qu’en est-il des salaires, le point clé du dossier?

– Nous voulons fixer des rémunérations prospectives maximales, décidées annuellement sous forme d’une enveloppe globale. Elles portent donc sur les émoluments pour l’exercice en cours. Nous proposons à l’assemblée générale de la semaine prochaine qu’elle approuve en fait deux montants salariaux plafonnés et contraignants. Une limite supérieure tant pour le conseil d’administration que pour la direction générale. L’avantage? Les actionnaires connaissent à l’avance le niveau des émoluments.

– Et dans le détail?

– Le salaire des membres non exécutifs du conseil d’administration est limité à une rémunération fixe. En ce qui concerne la direction, l’enveloppe proposée intègre la part fixe des salaires, ainsi que les bonus à court et à long terme. De manière générale, nous pensons qu’il est crucial que Nestlé puisse signaler à l’avance aux membres de la direction du groupe qu’elle a la capacité de payer, en fonction de leur contrat de travail, leur rémunération fixe et qu’elle peut, à condition que les critères de performance soient remplis, les récompenser au moyen d’une rémunération variable.

– Pourrez-vous dépasser cette enveloppe?

– Absolument pas. C’est un maximum. Ce montant sera généralement plus élevé que la somme réelle déboursée, car il doit couvrir non seulement le paiement effectif, mais aussi les paiements potentiels. De plus, en théorie, les bonus maximaux sont fixés à 130% du salaire. Or, dans la pratique, on n’atteint jamais ou très rarement cette valeur. Donc, le montant disponible n’est jamais entièrement utilisé.

– Quid si les actionnaires refusent?

– Nous devrons alors convoquer une nouvelle assemblée, soit ordinaire soit extraordinaire. Mais j’espère que cela ne se produise pas. Les actionnaires de Nestlé sont des personnes raisonnables et sensées.

– Si, l’année suivante, les actionnaires s’opposent à l’attribution précise de ces rémunérations, même si ce vote n’est que consultatif?

– Ce serait problématique. Car au même moment aura lieu le vote contraignant sur l’enveloppe de l’année suivante. Si les actionnaires refusent a posteriori le détail des salaires versé l’année précédente, il est peu probable qu’ils acceptent le montant qui leur est soumis pour l’exercice en cours. Au final, les actionnaires peuvent donc voter trois fois sur les rémunérations. C’est un système totalement transparent.

– Vous avez aussi à disposition une enveloppe de 40% supplémentaire allouable aux nouveaux membres de la direction arrivés en cours d’année. Pourquoi?

– La situation d’une entreprise peut changer du tout au tout en une année. Si d’aventure j’avais besoin d’un nouveau directeur général ou d’un nouveau membre de la direction, nous disposons ainsi de réserves.

– Pourquoi la part variable est-elle intégrée dans la somme globale?

– Là aussi, beaucoup de choses peuvent changer d’une année à l’autre. Qui par exemple aurait pu prévoir la crise de 2008-09? Entre le 31 décembre d’un exercice comptable et l’assemblée générale quatre ou cinq mois plus tard, il se peut que la situation économique ait entièrement varié. Dès lors, les actionnaires risquent de voter différemment en l’espace de quelques mois. Toujours est-il que, lorsque la performance est au rendez-vous, je dois pouvoir rémunérer mes collaborateurs comme je l’ai promis.

– Quel sera le montant de cette enveloppe maximale pour la direction et le conseil en 2016, soit la somme prospective après l’entrée en vigueur du nouveau système?

– Je l’ignore. Mais il sera d’environ 10 à 15% plus élevé que celui de l’année précédente, vu qu’il s’agit d’un maximum.

– Où se situe la limite du cumul de mandats?

– Un membre du conseil d’administration ne pourra assumer plus de quatre mandats supplémentaires au sein de sociétés cotées et cinq mandats supplémentaires au sein d’entreprises non cotées. La limitation pour les membres de la direction du groupe est de deux mandats supplémentaires au sein de sociétés cotées et de quatre mandats supplémentaires au sein d’entreprises non cotées. De plus, chacun de ces mandats est soumis à l’approbation du conseil d’administration.

– Au final, Minder aura-t-il un impact concret à la baisse sur le niveau de vos rémunérations, l’un de ses buts finalement?

– Pas nécessairement. La politique salariale d’une entreprise est fortement dépendante de sa compétitivité et de son positionnement. Si je n’ai pas le droit de payer ici un salaire correspondant aux conditions du marché, je devrai alors simplement le faire ailleurs. En tant que groupe global, mondial, je dois rester séduisant et pouvoir attirer des talents.

– Vous estimez que la politique salariale de Nestlé est plutôt modeste. Soit, mais avez-vous des exemples?

– Souvent, lorsque je suis allé chercher des talents à l’extérieur de l’entreprise, ils ont consenti à des baisses substantielles de rémunération pour nous rejoindre. Le salaire n’est certes pas tout, mais accepter une diminution a ses limites.

Israeli Govt Gets Lower Estimate for Leviathan Gas: TheMarker

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Israeli Govt Gets Lower Estimate for Leviathan Gas: TheMarker 2014-04-06 05:45:30.568 GMT

By David Wainer April 6 (Bloomberg) -- Estimates of consultants hired by Energy Ministry show 5%-10% less gas in field than consultants hired by cos. developing the field had previously estimated, TheMarker reports, without saying how it got the information. * Lower estimates could influence cap on exports: TheMarker * A spokeswoman for the ministry did not immediately return a phone call seeking comment

For Related News and Information: First Word scrolling panel: FIRST<GO> First Word newswire: NH BFW<GO>

To contact the reporter on this story: David Wainer in Tel Aviv at +972-3-542-7110 or dwainer3@bloomberg.net

Sports Direct’s Ashley Buys 11% Stake in House of Fraser: Times

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Sports Direct’s Ashley Buys 11% Stake in House of Fraser: Times 2014-04-06 06:49:01.595 GMT

By Gaurav Panchal April 6 (Bloomberg) -- Sports Direct’s Mike Ashley bought stake from Scottish entrepreneur Tom Hunter a week ago, Sunday Times reports, citing unidentified people. Sunday Times: * Ashley bought Hunter’s stake with view to making full takeover bid * Ashley tried to derail a deal by China’s Sanpower to buy Fraser by offering to buy out other shareholders * Hunter was unavailable for comment, Sports Direct didn’t respond to calls: Times * NOTE: Yday, China’s Sanpower buys 89% stake in House of Fraser: FT

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To contact the reporter on this story: Gaurav Panchal in London at +44-20-7392-0511 or gpanchal2@bloomberg.net To contact the editors responsible for this story: James Ludden at +44-20-7673-2645 or jludden@bloomberg.net Robert Lakin