Near-term constructive despite being longer-term bearish
* Oil price decline is too much too soon
The recent sell-off in oil has been mostly driven by positioning based upon expected fundamental shifts as opposed to currently observable shifts. While looking into 2015 we have sympathy for these medium- to longerterm bearish views that have driven prices lower, we believe it is too much too early. Prices have also likely overshot to the downside particularly as the lower we go the tighter the near-term balances become. This leaves us near-term constructive despite being bearish as we look further out.
* Pricing a future surplus in commodities can be self-negating
Unlike financial markets which are anticipatory assets driven by expectations, commodities are spot assets, clearing today’s supply and demand. The “supply glut” is not yet here today, it exists in expectations. While we mostly agree, these expectations have created more of a sell-off in deferred prices without the usual decline in timespreads into a level of “full carry” that is required to incentivize storage of the surplus. In fact, what we have witnessed is the exact opposite with key markets in a level of backwardation which incentivizes the market to pull oil from storage, not
store it. Thus, pricing in the future can be self-negating. We estimate that for every 10% decline in oil prices, oil demand rises 0.15%; hence, price pressure from long-term surpluses can create near-term shortages.
* Net specs and negative gamma exacerbate move lower
We estimate that net specs have priced in a 300 million barrel build between now and the end of March, which is a 2.0 million b/d surplus. While potentially possible, it would require solid delivery from Libya, Iraq/Kurdistan and Brazil. The net spec selling ultimately moved prices into a region where many producers’ puts had been struck, increasing the
selling of oil futures by non-commercial traders as they manage the risk incurred from producer hedging programs in a falling price environment.
* US shale is the marginal swing barrel in the new oil order
Game theory suggests that Saudi Arabia should no longer be the sole first mover swing barrel as shale is extremely scalable both to the up and downside. Should the glut materialize to the extreme expected, we believe the shale barrel will need to balance the market, which would suggest WTI prices sub-$80/bbl for a period of time to create an adjustment in supply.